From Cyborg Anthropology. “An “unofficial”, non-governmental punishment for violations of social norms. Informal negative sanctions usually are in the form of gossip, public ridicule, social ostracism, insults, or even threats of physical harm by other members of the community.

Social control may be enforced using informal sanctions, which may include shame, ridicule, sarcasm, criticism and disapproval. Social control may also be enforced using formal sanctions. Education may maintain social control through various mechanisms, such as indoctrination, informal sanctions and formal sanctions.

Informal sanctions that discourage or punish can include embarrassment, shame, ridicule, sarcasm, criticism, disapproval, social discrimination, and exclusion while informal sanctions that encourage and reward can include celebration, congratulation, praise, social recognition, social promotion, and other signals of …

Combined, the Treasury Department, the Commerce Department and the State Department list embargoes against 30 countries or territories: Afghanistan, Belarus, Burundi, Central African Republic, China (PR), Côte d’Ivoire, Crimea Region, Cuba, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Fiji, Haiti, Iran, Iraq.

In addition to any other sanctions permitted by law, the court may order a person, after written notice and an opportunity to be heard, to pay reasonable monetary sanctions to the court or to an aggrieved person, or both, for failure without good cause to comply with the applicable rules.

The Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) of the US Department of the Treasury administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions based on US foreign policy and national security goals against targeted foreign countries and regimes, terrorists, international narcotics traffickers, those engaged in activities …

Sanctions Violations means any violation of any Sanctions by the Borrower, any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, a Lender, an Issuing Bank or the Administrative Agent, as such Sanctions Lists or Sanctions are in effect from time to time.

All individuals, banks, financial services companies and other obligated institutions operating under United States jurisdiction must comply with OFAC sanctions.

Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted self-governing state, group, or individual. Economic sanctions may include various forms of trade barriers, tariffs, and restrictions on financial transactions.

There are two types of sanctions – country-based sanctions and list-based sanctions such as the Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list. The country-based sanctions reflect embargoes, such as those against Cuba, Iran, and Syria.

In 2003, in response to widespread, government-sponsored violence that threatened regional security, the U.S. Department of the Treasury enacted targeted financial sanctions against individuals and entities responsible for undemocratic practices, human rights abuses related to political repression, and public …

Unilateral sanctions are a contravention of the UN purposes to promote peace and cooperation. No State, therefore, has the right to freely bypass the duties to promote peace and cooperation, and arbitrarily convict and impose sanctions on another State.

In 2002 and 2003, the United States imposed targeted measures on the Government of Zimbabwe, including financial and visa sanctions against selected individuals, a ban on transfers of defence items and services, and a suspension of non-humanitarian government-to-government assistance.

Zimbabwe is currently subject to UK financial sanctions.

Republic

This progress is imperiled by the COVID-19 crisis, with more than 90 percent of emerging market and developing economies projected to register negative per capita income growth in 2020”….Advertisement.

Under Mugabe’s authoritarian regime, the state security apparatus dominated the country and was responsible for widespread human rights violations. The country has been in economic decline since the 1990s, experiencing several crashes and hyperinflation along the way.

Presidents of Zimbabwe (1980–present)