The scientists found that root systems did not grow toward the recorded sound but did grow toward the water flowing through a sink. The researchers believe that plants travel toward water using sonic vibrations initially, but that the roots then make choices, targeting the better source by determining moisture levels.

Plant roots not only release odours themselves, but also appear to react to odours that beneficial and harmful fungi in the soil release. They do this by actively growing towards fungi, or ignore them. Plant roots are fascinating organs because they are so essential to plant health. …

Contrary to popular belief, tree roots do not “seek out” water with a large taproot (a large taproot only persists in very few species of trees, most of which are not planted in home landscapes).

Other stimuli such as gravity, pressure, and vibrations also help plants choreograph root growth towards water acquisition to adapt to varying amounts of water in a plant’s soil environment for use in metabolism.

Phototropism is how plant shoots grow towards the light. In a shoot, the shaded side contains more auxin. This means that the shaded side grows longer, causing the shoot to bend towards the light. Auxin is in the same concentration on both sides of the shoots, so they grow evenly and longer on both sides.

It is essential for roots to grow down so they can explore the soil and maximise their water uptake. Scientists have long speculated that plants bend in response to gravity due to the redistribution of the plant hormone auxin in the tip of the root. …

If they come across some obstacle, they feel their way around it until they come to a point where they can grow again. The roots do this through a self-reinforcing chemical cycle. A protein at the tip of the root hairs, called RHD2, produces free radicals that stimulate the uptake of calcium from the soil.

transpiration

Statocytes. Statocytes are tiny sensors that contain grains of starch at the center which, when pulled by gravity, give off a signal. Probably the statocytes signal the cells in the root-tip to change their growth rate. If the ones on the top grow faster than the ones on bottom, the whole root will bend downward.

Roots growing around rocks are exposed to a much greater possibility of injury than those in soil. The tip of each root is covered with a layer of cells called a root cap, which constantly replace themselves from the inside, much like a layer of skin.

Inosculation is a natural phenomenon in which trunks, branches or roots of two trees grow together. It is most common for branches of two trees of the same species to grow together, though inosculation may be noted across related species. The branches first grow separately in proximity to each other until they touch.

The pot may be too shallow. The plant may have planted too shallowly in the pot. The plant may be potbound and need repotting. There are some plants that naturally root close to the surface but, most of the time, it’s due to being pot bound, so repotting usually solves this.

Answer. Answer: The part that grows above the soil is called the shoot system and the part which grows under soil is called root system.