Volcanic ash is a mixture of rock, mineral, and glass particles expelled from a volcano during a volcanic eruption. The particles are very small—less than 2 millimeters in diameter. Along with water vapor and other hot gases, volcanic ash is part of the dark ash column that rises above a volcano when it erupts.

These small eruptions might produce only ~0.01 cubic kilometers of ash, while large, rare ones can produce thousands. Scientists studying the ash from a recent eruption of Ol Doinyo Lengai volcano in Tanzania.

In the end, your average eruption is releasing millions to trillions cubic meters of ash into the atmosphere. Most of it falls near the volcano (within tens of km), but a significant portion can travel far away, drifting in the atmosphere for hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands of kilometers around the globe.

Carbon dioxide and fluorine, gases that can be toxic to humans, can collect in volcanic ash. The resulting ash fall can lead to crop failure, animal death and deformity, and human illness. Inhaling large amounts of ash and volcanic gases can cause a person to suffocate.

What about faucet-mounted systems? Brita’s faucet filtration filters about 30 substances including asbestos, cloudy soil runoff (aka turbidity), benzene and trihalomethanes (THMs, the carcinogenic by-products of water disinfection), 2,4-D, carbofuran, styrene, toluene, VOCs and, yes, lead.

The most common and effective way to remove salt from water is through physical filtration. Specifically, reverse osmosis systems are capable of removing salt and a wide variety of other contaminants from softened water.

A PUR filter replacement should be installed every 100 gallons or approximately every two to three months. An indicator on the filter housing alerts you when the filter needs to be changed. To change the filter, remove the housing cap, pull out the old filter and install the new filter in the same direction.

Yes, your old filter can add bacteria to your water This can make you sick if you continue to use the old filter. Researchers concluded that the filter had a biofilm growing on it, and in some cases the bacteria colony counts in the filtered water was up to 10,000 times those in the tap water.

Yes you can ru hot water through the Pur Filter, however doing so will greatly decrease the life of the filter. Hot water should not be filtered as it is not for drinking-and if for cooking-the high temperatures created via the oven or stove top will kill most any bacteria anyways.

The basic rule of thumb for cleaning or changing a water filter is every 40 gallons or two months.

Failing to change your fridge’s water filter can cause scaling and deposit buildup in the water and ice machine, which can seriously damage your fridge. This buildup tends to slow down the system, causing low flow, and negatively affects the flavor of your water.

Refrigerator filters should be replaced every 6 months. Never leave a filter in place longer than a year. The longer you use a carbon filter beyond its maximum capacity, the more harmful your water could become.

The RPWFE replaces the RPWF and is backward compatible for all models using the RPWF. Most new French-door models will start to use the RPWFE. Models that come with the RPWFE cannot use the RPWF.

It is recommended by most manufacturers that you run between three and five gallons of water through your refrigerator water filter. The first two batches of ice should be thrown out for refrigerators that don’t have water.

When the water filter is at the bottom or its side and not in the top sticking down, you should turn off the water. Once the water pressure is off it will release easily. Just make sure you get the correct filter for your fridge otherwise it will damage the water system.