According to electromagnetic theory, the rest mass of photon in free space is zero and also photon has non-zero rest mass, as well as wavelength-dependent.

Where m0 is the rest mass of the particle. Hence, a photon has zero rest mass. It shows that photon cannot exist at rest.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. In particle physics, a massless particle is an elementary particle whose invariant mass is zero. The two known massless particles are both gauge bosons: the photon (carrier of electromagnetism) and the gluon (carrier of the strong force).

A charged particles produced electric field which in turn produces a magnetic force. If there is a change in electromagnetic field that change will be propagated in waves. So photons don’t carry any electric field and thus no charge.

violet

Blue

violet light

The higher index of refraction means that violet light is the most bent, and red is then the least bent because of its lower index of refraction, and the other colors fall somewhere in between.

Red light has the longest wavelength and is bent the least. Violet light has the shortest wavelength and is bent the most.

White light is a combination of all colors in the color spectrum. It has all the colors of the rainbow. Combining primary colors of light like red, blue, and green creates secondary colors: yellow, cyan, and magenta. All other colors can be broken down into different combinations of the three primary colors.

red colour

Light is dependent of both wavelength and frequency. Still on refraction although wavelength changes and frequency remains same there is no change in color.

The phenomenon of splitting of visible light into its component colours is called dispersion. Dispersion of light is caused by the change of speed of light ray (resulting in angle of deviation) of each wavelength by a different amount.

Blue light is scattered in all directions by the tiny molecules of air in Earth’s atmosphere. Blue is scattered more than other colors because it travels as shorter, smaller waves. This is why we see a blue sky most of the time.

Rainbows appear in seven colors because water droplets break sunlight into the seven colors of the spectrum. You get the same result when sunlight passes through a prism. The rainbow effect occurs because the light is then reflected inside the droplet and finally refracted out again into the air.

The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another is called refraction. The angle and wavelength at which the light enters a substance and the density of that substance determine how much the light is refracted.

The common rainbow is caused by sunlight internally reflected by the backs of falling raindrops, while also being refracted at the air/water boundary. There are actually three rainbows in the sky, with three more being seen in the lake reflection.

Rainbows are the result of the refraction and reflection of light. Both refraction and reflection are phenomena that involve a change in a wave’s direction. A refracted wave may appear “bent”, while a reflected wave might seem to “bounce back” from a surface or other wavefront.

In short, you can touch someone else’s rainbow, but not your own. A rainbow is light reflecting and refracting off water particles in the air, such as rain or mist. However, it is possible to touch the water particles and refracted light (if you agree that you can touch light) of a rainbow that someone else is viewing.

What Are the 12 Types of Rainbows Called? + Fun Rainbow Facts

• Fogbow. A fogbow is a type of rainbow that occurs when fog or a small cloud experience sunlight passing through them.
• Lunar. A lunar rainbow (aka “moonbow”) is another unusual sight.
• Multiple Rainbows.
• Twinned.
• Full Circle.
• Supernumerary bow.

Iridescence is a weird phenomenon. You need lots of tiny raindrops (or ice crystals) all the same size over a large portion of the cloud. In a rainbow, the lights goes into the droplets and gets bent (twice) to create colors. Different colors bend by different amounts, splitting the colors apart.