Isotopes are atoms that have the same numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons. An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons, so it now has more or fewer electrons than it does protons. All atoms are isotopes and if an isotope gains or loses electrons it becomes an ion.

For example, if an isotope has a -3 charge, as with phosphorus (atomic number 15), then the number of electrons is three greater than the number of protons. Calculating the number of electrons then becomes 15+(-1)(-3) or 15+3=18, or 18 electrons.

Protons carry a positive charge and electrons carry a negative charge. Neutrons have a neutral, or no, charge. An isotope of an element has a different number of neutrons than the element typically has. The isotope of an element still has the same number of protons, so it has the same atomic number.

Look up at the atom on the periodic table of elements and find out what its atomic mass is. Subtract the number of protons from the atomic mass. This is the number of neutrons that the regular version of the atom has. If the number of neutrons in the given atom is different, than it is an isotope.

Isotopes are atoms with different atomic masses which have the same atomic number. The atoms of different isotopes are atoms of the same chemical element; they differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons, resulting in a different atomic mass. Having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus will not affect the charge of the atom. Instead, different isotopes have different mass and have different tendencies to radioactively decay.

Metals contain free moving delocalized electrons. When electric voltage is applied, an electric field within the metal triggers the movement of the electrons, making them shift from one end to another end of the conductor. Electrons will move toward the positive side.

Isotopes. An isotope is one of two or more forms of the same chemical element. Different isotopes of an element have the same number of protons in the nucleus, giving them the same atomic number, but a different number of neutrons giving each elemental isotope a different atomic weight.

An atom contains equal numbers of protons and electrons . Since protons and electrons have equal and opposite charges , this means that atoms are neutral overall.

Where Are Electrons? Unlike protons and neutrons, which are located inside the nucleus at the center of the atom, electrons are found outside the nucleus.

Protons and Electrons A proton carries a positive charge (+) and an electron carries a negative charge (-), so the atoms of elements are neutral, all the positive charges canceling out all the negative charges.

Neutrons are all identical to each other, just as protons are. Atoms of a particular element must have the same number of protons but can have different numbers of neutrons.

Electrons are equal to protons so that positive and negative charges are balanced and the atom is electrically neutral…. Since neutrons have no charge it doesn’t matter them being equal to protons…..

Negative and positive charges of equal magnitude cancel each other out. This means that the negative charge on an electron perfectly balances the positive charge on the proton. In other words, a neutral atom must have exactly one electron for every proton. If a neutral atom has 1 proton, it must have 1 electron.

Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure. The electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton.

Electric charge is a physical property of matter. It is created by an imbalance in a substance’s number of protons and electrons. The matter is positively charged if it contains more protons than electrons, and it is negatively charged if it contains more electrons than protons.

Most electric charge is carried by the electrons and protons within an atom. Electrons are said to carry negative charge, while protons are said to carry positive charge, although these labels are completely arbitrary (more on that later).

Life would be no different if electrons were positively charged and protons were negatively charged. Opposite charges would still attract, and like charges would still repel. The designation of charges as positive and negative is merely a definition.

Electrons. Proton—positive; electron—negative; neutron—no charge. The charge on the proton and electron are exactly the same size but opposite. The same number of protons and electrons exactly cancel one another in a neutral atom.

The human body is neutrally charged. You feel static charge because the hairs on your skin gets positively or negatively charged when rubbed.

Because an electron is a quantum object with wave-like properties, it must always be vibrating at some frequency. Furthermore, an electron in a stable atomic state does not move in the sense of waving through space. The orbital electron does move in the sense of vibrating in time.

The “electrical pressure” due to the difference in voltage between the positive and negative terminals of a battery causes the charge (electrons) to move from the positive terminal to the negative terminal. Any path through which charges can move is called an electric circuit.

Electrons move freely within the structure of an atom but protons are bound in the nucleus and therefore immobile. Conductivity will therefore occur when electrons move from one atom to another and not protons due to their immobility.

2.12 ×10³ m/s