The number of electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the number of protons.

For neutral atoms, the number of valence electrons is equal to the atom’s main group number. The main group number for an element can be found from its column on the periodic table. For example, carbon is in group 4 and has 4 valence electrons.

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell, or energy level, of an atom.

Explanation: Electrons are arranged in shells or energy levels. The atomic number is the total number of protons in the nucleus, which is equivalent to the total number of electrons – not just those in the valence shell.

The transition elements are unique in that they can have an incomplete inner subshell allowing valence electrons in a shell other than the outer shell. Other elements only have valence electrons in their outer shell. This allows transition metals to form several different oxidation states.

So generally, the transition metals’ valence electrons are usually 2, because the ns-orbital is already filled.

Assuming only the electrons in the highest energy shells count toward the set of valence electrons (is that correct?), d-block is never in the highest energy shell, and so none of the electrons in the d subshells would ever count toward the valence electrons.

Re: don’t count the d-orbital electrons as valence electrons Answer: Count only the electrons in the same shell, that is, the outermost shell. For Xe and Br the s and p electrons are in the same shell, but d electrons are not in the outermost shell.

Titanium has four valence electrons. Valence electrons are generally the electrons located in the outermost shell of an atom and can be gained or lost in a reaction. Valence electrons can be determined by looking at the periodic table; because titanium is four columns from the left, it has four valence electrons.

d-block elements have number of valence electrons equal to their group number, which is equal to the number of electrons in the “valence shell”. This works if you are using the definition of valence shell to be the outermost shell. therefore answer is 3.

Titanium has four valence electrons. Valence electrons are the s and p electrons in the outermost shell.

5 valence electrons

15

Phosphorus

phosphorus-32

phosphorous