Q. How are the functions of the mitochondria and chloroplasts similar?
Both the chloroplast and the mitochondrion are organelles found in the cells of plants, but only mitochondria are found in animal cells. The function of chloroplasts and mitochondria is to generate energy for the cells in which they live. The structure of both organelle types includes an inner and an outer membrane.
Q. Where does the mitochondria come from?
The endosymbiotic hypothesis for the origin of mitochondria (and chloroplasts) suggests that mitochondria are descended from specialized bacteria (probably purple nonsulfur bacteria) that somehow survived endocytosis by another species of prokaryote or some other cell type, and became incorporated into the cytoplasm.
Q. Where is the mitochondria located in the human body?
cytoplasm
Q. What cells in the human body have the most mitochondria?
Of all the cells in human body, its the heart muscle cells with about 5,000 mitochondria per cell that contain far more mitochondria than any other organ in human body. The number of mitochondria reflects the energy requirement of a cell. Heart muscle cells have extra-special demand for ATP to keep the heart pumping.
Q. Why are the mitochondria so important?
Present in nearly all types of human cell, mitochondria are vital to our survival. They generate the majority of our adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell. Mitochondria are also involved in other tasks, such as signaling between cells and cell death, otherwise known as apoptosis.
Q. Who discovered the function of mitochondria?
Albert von Kolliker
Q. How important is the role of mitochondria in the production of ATP?
The classic role of mitochondria is oxidative phosphorylation, which generates ATP by utilizing the energy released during the oxidation of the food we eat. ATP is used in turn as the primary energy source for most biochemical and physiological processes, such as growth, movement and homeostasis.
Q. Why are mitochondria important for active transport?
Cells where active transport takes place typically have many mitochondria. They release energy, which is needed for active transport. Aerobic respiration occurs in mitochondria, releasing energy. Active transport needs energy because the molecules are moving against their concentration gradient.
Q. How does the mitochondria affect active transport?
A vital active transport process that occurs in the electron transport process in the membranes of both mitochondria and chloroplasts is the transport of protons to produce a proton gradient. The potential provided by this proton gradient then powers the conversion of ADP to ATP.
Q. Is osmosis active or passive transport?
Osmosis is a passive transport process during which water moves from areas where solutes are less concentrated to areas where they are more concentrated.
