They migrated to America for a variety of reasons. Push factors involved worsening opportunities for farm ownership in central Europe, persecution of some religious groups, and military conscription; pull factors were better economic conditions, especially the opportunity to own land, and religious freedom.

In the early years settlements and neighborhood houses were financed entirely by donations; and the residents usually paid for their own room and board. It is important to note that settlements helped create and foster many new organizations and social welfare programs, some of which continue to the present time.

In the decade from 1845 to 1855, more than a million Germans fled to the United States to escape economic hardship. They also sought to escape the political unrest caused by riots, rebellion and eventually a revolution in 1848.

Pushed out of Ireland by religious conflicts, lack of political autonomy and dire economic conditions, these immigrants, who were often called “Scotch-Irish,” were pulled to America by the promise of land ownership and greater religious freedom. Many Scotch-Irish immigrants were educated, skilled workers.

Push and pull factors

• Economic migration – to find work or follow a particular career path.
• Social migration – for a better quality of life or to be closer to family or friends.
• Political migration – to escape political persecution or war.
• Environmental – to escape natural disasters such as flooding.

following correct columns:

• Religious Oppression.
• Freedom from Political Oppression,
• Conflict, and Chaos.
• Economic Displacement Caused by.
• Environmental, Technological and.
• Demographic Change.
• Humanitarian Protection.
• Network-Driven Immigration.