Finding sea shells in rocks on high ground spurred Hutton to investigate rocks ever more deeply. Image by Centpacrr. He started making discoveries about rocks, and although he was not first to make these, he made them independently. He noticed many rocks seemed to have started as deposits of sand or mud in water.

James Hutton was a Scottish geologist, chemist, naturalist, and originator of one of the fundamental principles of geology—uniformitarianism, which explains the features of Earth’s crust by means of natural processes over geologic time.

Along with Charles Lyell, James Hutton developed the concept of uniformitarianism. He believed Earth’s landscapes like mountains and oceans formed over long period of time through gradual processes. study of living things. theory that sudden, violent events have formed the shape of the Earth.

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Field Work Geologists must go to where the rocks are, and the rocks are often found in remote locations. Some locations are inaccessible except by foot, so geologists may need stamina to take a hike to study rock formations and then carry samples out for further study.

A NEW study has confirmed what many students have been claiming for years – chemistry and physics ARE marked harder than most other Leaving Certificate subjects.

New CAO figures indicate that the average Leaving Cert student will get about 300 points today, much less than commonly thought. A 300-point score, for example, would not be enough to secure a place on a university arts course. Well over 500 points are required for courses like law and medicine.

Many students set themselves extremely high targets and regard themselves as failures if they fall short. The average Leaving Cert does not equate to 500 points-plus; far from it. Those points are achieved by very few. You would be closer to the average mark if you divided the 500 by two.