If you are using an online primary source from a website, follow the format below: Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Primary Source Document: Subtitle.” Year of creation. Title of Website, Publisher of Website, Publication Date, URL.

Provide a reference list entry for the secondary source you are citing. In the text, identify the primary source and then write “as cited in” the secondary source that you used. If the year of publication is known for the primary source, also include it in the text.

APA website citations usually include the author, the publication date, the title of the page or article, the website name, and the URL. If there is no author, start the citation with the title of the article. If the page is likely to change over time, add a retrieval date.

If you would like to include a personal interview as part of your APA reference list, then include the interviewee, the date of the interview, and the type of interview. Interview Citation Structure: Last name, F. (Year, Month date).

When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, like, for example, (Jones, 1998). One complete reference for each source should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper.

E-mail communications from individuals should be cited as personal communications. Because they do not provide recoverable data, personal communications are not included in the reference list. Cite personal communications in text only.

An email citation should include the name of the writer, a description of the message including who it was sent to, and the date it was sent. Works cited entry structure: Last, First M. Email to [recipient name].

When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, for example, (Jones, 1998), and a complete reference should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper.

Cite web postings as you would a standard web entry. Provide the author of the work, the title of the posting in quotation marks, the web site name in italics, the publisher, and the posting date. Follow with the date of access. Include screen names as author names when author name is not known.

Author (last name, initials only for first & middle names) Date of publication of article (year and month for monthly publications; year, month and day for daily or weekly publications) Title of article (capitalize only the first word of title and subtitle, and proper nouns)

MLA citing format often includes the following pieces of information, in this order: Author’s Last name, First name. “Title of Source.” Title of Container, other contributors, version, numbers, publisher, publication date, location.

Example Citations: Articles

1. AuthorLastName, AuthorFirstName. “Article Title.” Journal Title, Version, Number, Publication Date, Page Numbers.
2. L’Ambrosch, Zampoun and Teodolinda Roncaglia.
3. Newspaper Article from an Online Database.
4. Newspaper Article from Web or Print Source.

Websites don’t usually have page numbers, so the in-text citation is just the author name in parentheses….Citing an entire website.

These methods are direct quotation from another source, paraphasing or summarising material, and citing the whole of a source document.

Typically, a citation can include the author’s name, date, location of the publishing company, journal title, or DOI (Digital Object Identifer). A citation style dictates the information necessary for a citation and how the information is ordered, as well as punctuation and other formatting.