Experts recommend painting roads white to reflect more heat and keep them cooler. A cooler road surface helps prevent frozen ground from thawing underneath. In some places with permafrost, the top layer of the ground thaws during the summer, but the water does not drain away.

As permafrost thaws, microbes begin decomposing this material. This process releases greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane to the atmosphere. When permafrost thaws, so do ancient bacteria and viruses in the ice and soil. These newly-unfrozen microbes could make humans and animals very sick.

This changes the region from being a net “sink” of carbon dioxide—where it is captured from the atmosphere and stored—into being a net source of emissions. …

The main natural carbon sinks are plants, the ocean and soil. Plants grab carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to use in photosynthesis; some of this carbon is transferred to soil as plants die and decompose. The oceans are a major carbon storage system for carbon dioxide.

Since the dawn of farming, humans have been accidentally creating a huge carbon sink that by now may store more carbon than all of the world’s living plants. But this sink is in the last place that you’d expect to find huge amounts of carbon – under the desert.

Most of us learn when we are young that trees intake carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. Trees store much of their carbon within their leave and woody biomass, while grass stores most of its carbon underground. This means that when a tree catches fire, it releases its stores of carbon back into the atmosphere.

1) Forests Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide naturally — and trees are especially good at storing carbon removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis.

Carbon up in smoke Unlike forests, grasslands sequester most of their carbon underground, while forests store it mostly in woody biomass and leaves. When wildfires cause trees to go up in flames, the burned carbon they formerly stored is released back to the atmosphere.

Blue—green algae (Cyanobacteria) are a special group of prokaryotes. They have chlorophyll and phycobiliprotein and can fix carbon by oxygen-evolution photosynthesis like plants; and their genome contains nucleotide sequences which are comparable with that of 16S and 5S rRNA of cubacteria.

Algae replicates the same process but “absorbs” the carbon in the form of more algae. Algae can consume more carbon dioxide than trees because it can cover more surface area, grow faster, and be more easily controlled by bioreactors, given its relative size.

chlorella vulgaris

The good news is, YOU DO NOT have to experience algae in your planted aquarium. Algae normally appears when there is an imbalance in nutrients, CO2, oxygen and light. For example, too much light but too few nutrients and CO2 will cause algae. Poor distribution of CO2 and nutrients is also a common cause of algae.

Circulation levels do not need to be high, as the demand for water column nutrients is reduced. In highly illuminated tanks with CO2 injection the dosing of these nutrients is considered essential to help prevent algae. If nutrient deficiencies occur, plants will leech ammonia/ammonium that can trigger algae outbreaks.

This is why “low CO2” is cited as the cause for many types of algae; higher CO2 levels by itself has no impact on algae, algae is not killed off by high CO2 levels. The impact is transmitted through the change in overall tank environment due to improved plant health as plants get the CO2 they require to grow robustly.

Easy Ways to Help Control Algae Growth in your Aquarium

1. First, test your water! To avoid algae problems, it is good practice to test your aquarium water regularly, and your tap water before waterchanges.
2. Fight phosphate at its source.
3. Use high-grade filters and media.
4. Maintain good water quality.
5. Serve the algae up for dinner.
6. Modify your lighting.
7. Just wipe it away.

How to Get Rid of Algae in Your Fish Tank

1. Algae scrapers or pads. There are a lot of different types of algae scrapers out on the market today.
2. Razor Blade.
3. Clean Decorations.
4. Bleach.
5. Water Syphon.
6. Aquarium Lime Remover or Glass Cleaner.
7. Water Changes.
8. Algaecides.