A set is usually denoted by a capital letter, such as A, B, or C. An element of a set is usually denoted by a small letter, such as x, y, or z. A set may be described by listing all of its elements enclosed in braces. For example, if Set A consists of the numbers 2, 4, 6, and 8, we may say: A = {2, 4, 6, 8}.

Definition: The number of elements in a set is called the cardinal number, or cardinality, of the set. This is denoted as n(A), read “n of A” or “the number of elements in set A.” Page 9 Example.

A set is a subset of itself since a set contains all its elements. Also, the empty set is a subset of every set, because every element in the empty set belongs to any set since the empty set has no elements. Listing Subsets: List all the subsets of {a, b, c}. Example: The set {a, b, c} has eight subsets.

The empty set has only one, itself. The empty set is a subset of any other set, but not necessarily an element of it.

Types of a Set

• Finite Set. A set which contains a definite number of elements is called a finite set.
• Infinite Set. A set which contains infinite number of elements is called an infinite set.
• Subset.
• Proper Subset.
• Universal Set.
• Empty Set or Null Set.
• Singleton Set or Unit Set.
• Equal Set.

Basic Maths Symbols Names With Meaning and Examples