How to Repot a Plant

1. Step 1: Choose a larger pot.
2. Step 2: Cover the drainage holes with a porous material like a coffee filter.
3. Step 3: Layer soil in the new pot.
4. Step 4: Water the plant.
5. Step 5: Remove the plant from it’s old pot.
6. Step 6: Prune the rootball and untangle old roots.

Nutrients, water and light each differ in their properties, which generates unique ways that plants compete for these resources. Plants compete for nutrients by pre-empting nutrient supplies from coming into contact with neighbours, which requires maximizing root length.

Many animals and plants regenerate tissues or even whole organs after injury. Typically, specialized cells at the wound site revert to a ‘pluripotent’ state–via a process called dedifferentiation—which means they regain the ability to develop into the various cell types required for regeneration.

Plants are able to detect and respond to light, gravity, changes in temperature, chemicals, and even touch. A plant usually responds to change by gradually altering its growth rate or its direction of growth. The slow movements that plants make towards or away from a stimulus, such as light, are known as tropisms.

Charles Darwin was one of the first to scientifically document that roots show positive gravitropism and stems show negative gravitropism. That is, roots grow in the direction of gravitational pull (i.e., downward) and stems grow in the opposite direction (i.e., upwards).

Plants are like humans and animals, at least in the sense that they constantly adapt to their environment to preserve their well-being. Phototropism, thigmotropism, gravitropism, hydrotropism, and thermotropism are common tropic responses in plants.

Summary

• Tropisms are growth toward or away from a stimulus.
• Types of tropisms include gravitropism (gravity), phototropism (light), and thigmotropism (touch).

Thigmotropism is a directional growth movement which occurs as a mechanosensory response to a touch stimulus. Thigmotropism is typically found in twining plants and tendrils, however plant biologists have also found thigmotropic responses in flowering plants and fungi.

Forms of tropism include phototropism (response to light), geotropism (response to gravity), chemotropism (response to particular substances), hydrotropism (response to water), thigmotropism (response to mechanical stimulation), traumatotropism (response to wound lesion), and galvanotropism, or electrotropism (response …

If the growth of plant part is towards the stimulus then it is called positive tropism and when the growth is away from the stimulus, then it is called the negative tropism. Example- Growth of stem towards the light is an example of positive phototropism. The plant part – stem grows in the response to light.

Gravitropism is the ability of plants to perceive and respond to the gravity vector and orient themselves accordingly. Perception of the gravity signal occurs through the movement/sedimentation of starch-filled plastids (termed statoliths) in gravity sensing cells.

One of the processes involved is photosynthesis which is key in producing food for the plant. The plant’s response to light is called phototropism. All of these tropisms are crucial to the plants survival. From our own experience, we know that the roots of plants respond to gravity by moving toward the ground.

Growing of a crop upside down with a light source down will make auxins accumulate the top where the roots are promoting their growth but because roots grow towards gravity (geotrophism)they willl grown first upwards but start to bend and grow towards gravity.

angiosperms

auxin distributions

Florigen

Auxin also plays a part, as light destroys auxin, plants that are immersed in light have cells that do not become as elongated producing a weak stem. This instance can control the degree of photosynthesis that occurs in the plant, while phytochrome is visibly one of the ways that plants react to sunlight.

In phototropism a plant bends or grows directionally in response to light. Shoots usually move towards the light; roots usually move away from it. In photoperiodism flowering and other developmental processes are regulated in response to the photoperiod, or day length.

As we know from looking at plants on a windowsill, they grow toward the sunlight to be able to generate energy by photosynthesis. “Even mature plants bend toward the strongest light. They do this by elongating the cells of the stem on the side that is farthest from the light.

The growth of the root towards the soil is a graviotropic or hydrotropic movement. in search of water and minerals. to hold the soil tightly. Several hormones like auxins, ethylene, and cytokines play role in growth of root.

Despite growing underground, largely in darkness, roots emerge to be very sensitive to light. Recently, several important papers have been published which reveal that plant roots not only express all known light receptors but also that their growth, physiology and adaptive stress responses are light-sensitive.

ANSWER: In a strict sense, plants do not grow faster in the dark; they grow slower. However, plants seem to grow faster in insufficient light due to rapid cell elongation.

Most plants grow more in the evening and at night. While plants capture energy during theday, the synthesis of new tissue is often better accomplished at night, because the conditions then allow avoidance heat stress and water loss. In general, tree roots grow the most in late spring through very early summer.

Generally, leaves and stems grow upward, toward light sources, while roots grow downward. Light is important for plant development, including flowering and seed germination.

The three main parts are: the roots, the leaves, and the stem. Each part has a set of jobs to do to keep the plant healthy. The roots absorb water and minerals from the soil and anchor the plant in the ground. The stem supports the plant above ground, and carries the water and minerals to the leaves.

Air pruning happens naturally when roots are exposed to air in the absence of high humidity. The roots are effectively “burned” off, causing the plant to constantly produce new and healthy branching roots. If roots are not exposed to air, they continue to grow around the container in a constricted pattern.

Although all green plants make their food by photosynthesis, they also need to get nutrients from the soil. These dissolve in water and are taken up by the roots of the plant. The most important plant nutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K).

That’s right, the physical body of a plant — leaves, stems, roots, flowers and fruit — is literally created from carbon dioxide in the air and water. So, plants do not eat the soil. Soil does not provide them the energy they need to live and grow.