There are three standard methods used to extract nitrogen from air listed below:

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. An air separation plant separates atmospheric air into its primary components, typically nitrogen and oxygen, and sometimes also argon and other rare inert gases. The most common method for air separation is fractional distillation.

About 78 per cent of the air is nitrogen and 21 per cent is oxygen. These two gases can be separated by fractional distillation of liquid air.

1. Cryogenic distillation.
2. Pressure swing adsorption.
3. Membrane nitrogen generation.

Fractional distillation is the technique that is used for obtaining different components from the air. Fractional distillation is a separation method where the difference in boiling points of components is used to separate the liquid mixture into fractions through distillation.

Air can be separated into its components by means of distillation in special units. So-called air fractionating plants employ a thermal process known as cryogenic rectification to separate the individual components from one another in order to produce high-purity nitrogen, oxygen and argon in liquid and gaseous form.

The most common process for the preparation of liquid air is the two-column Hampson–Linde cycle using the Joule–Thomson effect. Air is fed at high pressure (>75 atm (7,600 kPa; 1,100 psi)) into the lower column, in which it is separated into pure nitrogen and oxygen-rich liquid.

Liquid oxygen is a cryogenic liquid. Cryogenic liquids are liquefied gases that have a normal boiling point below –130°F (–90°C). Liquid oxygen has a boiling point of –297°F (–183°C).

-346°F (-210°C)

Well, nitrogen’s critical point is (126.21 K, 3.39 MPa), so, if you get the temperature down to 126.21K, you can liquify it at 3.39MPa.

Nitrogen cannot be liquid at room temperature. Increasing the pressure will lead to a supercritical fluid.

78 percent

Compared to O, N is 4 times as abundant in the atmosphere. This is one reason why nitrogen is so enriched in the atmosphere relative to oxygen. The other primary reason is that, unlike oxygen, nitrogen is very stable in the atmosphere and is not involved to a great extent in chemical reactions that occur there.

Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. Air is composed of 78 percent nitrogen. Oxygen accounts for 21 percent, and the inert noble gas argon makes up 0.9 percent of the air. The remaining 0.1 percent consists of several trace gases.

Nitrogen

element astatine

Astatine

Standard dry air, which is mainly composed of three gases: nitrogen (about 78%), oxygen (about 21%), and argon (about 1%). Together, these three gases make up 99.96% of dry air.

Oxygen

Standard Dry Air is made up of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, neon, helium, krypton, hydrogen, and xenon. It does not include water vapor because the amount of vapor changes based on humidity and temperature.

Important Uses of Air

• Sustain life and growth.
• Combustion.
• Maintaining Temperature.
• Supplier of Energy.
• Photosynthesis.

mesosphere

Air looks invisible because it sends very little color to our eyes. Objects appear to be the color they reflect to our eyes. Air is a mixture of gases, mainly nitrogen and oxygen, with small molecules that are far apart. Wavelengths of light may pass by these molecules without hitting them.

Air is transparent to our eyes because we have evolved retinas that are sensitive to the very wavelengths of light that pass through it unobstructed – otherwise we wouldn’t be able to see anything at all. Wind is just moving air, caused by pressure differences in the atmosphere.

Because air is a fluid, the weight of the air is transmitted to the palm of your hand and to the back of your hand at the same time. These forces cancel so that your hand overall feels no net force.

Since air is invisible we easily forget that it is all around us. When we blow air in a balloon, we can feel the air pushing on the balloon. It’s the same with a tire or basketball. When we sit in front of a fan, we can actually feel the air molecules moving in the same direction.

Humor me. At sea level, because of the 60-mile column of atmosphere between you and outer space, there’s about 15 pounds per square inch of air pressure pushing down on every part of your body. Now go pick up a 15-pound weight.

The atmosphere is a mixture of gases and it pushes on us with atmospheric pressure. However, we don’t feel the weight of atmosphere. This is because the pressure pushes in all directions. You might think that we don’t feel the pressure – but you would certainly notice if the atmosphere disappeared.

Air is present all around us. We cannot see the air around us but we can feel its presence when the leaves rustle or branches sway.