Parts of Speech Charades: Write down a variety of words, phrases or sentences using nouns, verbs, and adjectives, on index cards. (example: “The angry man ran.”) Place the cards in a hat or bag. Draw a card and without anyone seeing and read it. Now act out what the card says.

There are eight parts of speech in the English language: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. An individual word can function as more than one part of speech when used in different circumstances.

SPEECH STYLES are patterns of speaking characterized by distinctive pronunciation, vocabulary, intent, participants, and grammatical structures.

The parts of speech are typically taught to students in grades three through six.

A fun grammar activity is to give each student a few note cards. Ask students to write one independent clause per note card. Then, put the independent clauses together with a conjunction for memorable compound sentences. Then, we continue to study dependent clauses, or a clause that cannot stand alone.

DEFINITION OF CLAUSE AND PHRASE: A clause is a group of words with a subject-verb unit; the 2nd group of words contains the subject-verb unit the bus goes, so it is a clause. • A phrase is a group of words without a subject-verb unit.

Clauses are groups of words that have both subjects and predicates. Unlike phrases, a clause can sometimes act as a sentence – this type of clause is called an independent clause. While the independent clause could be used by itself as a complete sentence, the subordinate clause could not.

There are two types of clause:

• An independent clause (one that can stand alone as a sentence).
• A dependent clause (one that is usually a supporting part of a sentence).

Steps to identifying clauses

1. Identify any verbs and verb phrases. A clause always contains at least one verb, typically a lexical verb.
2. Identify any conjunctions.
3. Check again.

There are three different kinds of subordinate clauses: adverb clauses, adjective clauses, and noun clauses. Each of these clauses are introduced by certain words.

A subordinate clause is a clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence; it merely complements a sentence’s main clause, thereby adding to the whole unit of meaning. Because a subordinate clause is dependent upon a main clause to be meaningful, it is also referred to as a dependent clause.

A subordinate clause contains a subject and a verb, but it needs to be attached to a main clause because it cannot make sense on its own. For example: This is a complex sentence (also referred to as a multi-clause sentence).

The key difference between main clause and subordinate clause is that the main clause expresses a complete thought whereas the subordinate clause (or dependent clause) doesn’t express a complete thought.

Typology of sentences A simple sentence consists of only one clause. A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses. A complex sentence has at least one independent clause plus at least one dependent clause.

A main clause is a clause that makes sense on its own and can also exist in a sentence on its own. A Subordinate clause is a clause that does not make sense on its own and cannot be a sentence on its own. Two main clauses are joined by and, but or or.

For example, in the sentence, “The angry bear howled ominously,” the word “bear” is the simple subject and the predicate is “howled” so the main clause of the sentence would be, “The bear howled.”

The adverb clause modifies the verb in terms of ‘time, cause and effect, frequency, and intensity’. Hence, the options ‘A’ and ‘B’ are incorrect as they do not match the given clause. Option ‘D’, is incorrect as the preposition clause is not a type of clause. Hence, the correct answer is option ‘C’, a noun clause.

Adverbial subordinate clauses are dependent clauses formed by word combinations that act like an adverb. We use adverb clauses to give information about time (before, soon, when…), place (here, there, wherever), purpose (consequently, in order to, thus), and cause (because, if, since) of an action.