They move because electron have a lot of energy. Electron is rotate around the nucleus because nucleus have a heavy part and positive charge of the atom so nucleus is stationary and then electron is light part and negative charge with respect to nucleus and not more energy so electron move around the nucleus.

This force is called electromotive force, EMF, or voltage (V). Sometimes it is convenient to think of EMF as electrical pressure. In other words, it is the force that makes electrons move in a certain direction within a conductor.

Electrons are found in different levels — or orbitals — surrounding the nucleus. The electrons can be found at any point in their orbital. Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus in the center of the atom. “Early on, we thought that electrons were revolving around the nucleus like planets,” Cooley said.

Like gravity acting on planets, an electromagnetic force attracts the orbiting electron to the nucleus. Classical physicists wondered that the electron didn’t run out of energy. Niels Bohr solved this mystery by introducing quanta, discrete energy states in which electrons may stably persist.

Originally Answered: How do electrons revolve around the nucleus? They don’t really revolve. They do move around the nucleus, but the orbitals are just probability pictures, not actual orbits.

The electrons are NOT moving around the nucleus along the circles. Instead, the circles represent energy levels. The electrons on the circle closest to the nucleus have the lowest energy. The eight electrons on the next circle have a higher energy, and the one on the outer circle has the highest energy.

The electron travels in circular orbits around the nucleus. The orbits have quantized sizes and energies. Energy is emitted from the atom when the electron jumps from one orbit to another closer to the nucleus.

L gives us the shape of the orbital because it tells us the energy level of the subshell, and thus whether it contains s, p, d, or f orbitals. l = 0 gives the lowest energy subshell, corresponding to s, and so on.

The principal quantum number, n, describes the energy of an electron and the most probable distance of the electron from the nucleus. In other words, it refers to the size of the orbital and the energy level an electron is placed in. The number of subshells, or l, describes the shape of the orbital.

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