The geosphere is the earth itself: the rocks, minerals, and landforms of the surface and interior. More regularly, however, human interaction with the dynamic geosphere comes in the form of surface erosion, our use of arable land for farming, and excavations for the construction of buildings, roads, and mines.

Explanation: so when pure water vapor from the water bodies get absorbed into polluted gases in the atmosphere, acid rain is caused and when this happens in a place where an element of the hydrosphere is located, it is polluted.

Wild Weather The atmosphere is warming. We’re starting to feel the effects. A warming atmosphere affects more than just air temperatures: while heat waves and droughts are becoming more common and intense, rainstorms are also becoming more powerful, sometimes provoking dangerous floods.

Hydrosphere pollution causes various water born diseases such as malaria or typhoid and even life threatening diseases in humans. Hydrosphere pollution is caused by the dumping of industrial waste into water bodies, discharge of domestic waste, bathing animals etc.

Adverse Health Effects of Plastics

• Direct toxicity, as in the cases of lead, cadmium, and mercury.
• Carcinogens, as in the case of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)
• Endocrine disruption, which can lead to cancers, birth defects, immune system suppression and developmental problems in children.

Plastic pollution is the most widespread problem affecting the marine environment. It also threatens ocean health, food safety and quality, human health, coastal tourism, and contributes to climate change.

Of the most devastating elements of this pollution is that plastics takes thousands of years to decay. As a result, fish and wildlife are becoming intoxicated. Consequently the toxins from the plastics have entered the food chain, threatening human health.

Dr. Trasande recommended avoiding items labeled 3 for phthalates, 6 for styrene and 7 for bisphenols. (Styrene, which is found in Styrofoam and other plastic products, is “reasonably anticipated” to be a human carcinogen, according to the National Institutes of Health.

One of the outcomes of overflowing garbage is air pollution, which causes various respiratory diseases and other adverse health effects as contaminants are absorbed from lungs into other parts of the body. The toxic substances in air contaminated by waste include carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane.

Exposure to even small amounts can be fatal. So, it’s not the smell that may kill you, but rather the gas that enters your body. The health effects of hydrogen sulphide depend on the amount inhaled and for how long. Higher concentrations can cause eye irritation, coughing, and loss of smell.

In addition to water and soil pollution, litter can also pollute the air. Researchers estimate that more than 40% of the world’s litter is burned in the open air, which can release toxic emissions. These emissions can cause respiratory issues, other health problems, and even be a starting base for acid rain.

If garbage is not removed from our homes and surroundings regularly, our home and surrounding will become dirty. Some of the garbage (like left-over food) will rot giving off foul smell. The rotting garbage will become a breeding ground for disease -causing organisms such as cockroaches, flies and mosquitoes.

This debris harms physical habitats, transports chemical pollutants, threatens aquatic life, and interferes with human uses of river, marine and coastal environments. Of all trash, plastic trash has the greatest potential to harm the environment, wildlife and humans.

Solution: (a) Garbage containing polythene bags, plastics, metals and glass which do not rot cannot be converted into compost by red worms.

Throwing garbage all over the place will not only dirty our surroundings and pollute the environment, making it very unhygienic, but also causes bad odours and encourages the infestation of cockroaches, flies and other insects. There are various diseases caused due to poor maintenance of hygienic conditions.