The sun is what makes the water cycle work. Heat causes liquid and frozen water to evaporate into water vapor gas, which rises high in the sky to form clouds… clouds that move over the globe and drop rain and snow. This process is a large part of the water cycle.

Answer: When water is heated, the molecules in the water vibrate and some of them escape into the air, thus becoming water vapor, or the gaseous state of water. That’s why we call it eVAPORation. The liquid water becomes a gas known as vapor.

The answer is: once ice is formed, it does not expand as it gets colder. It actually shrinks becoming more dense as it gets colder. The maximum density of water is at 4 deg.

If a gas is cooled, its particles will eventually stop moving about so fast and form a liquid. This is called condensation and occurs at the same temperature as boiling. Evaporation is dependent on individual particles gaining enough energy to escape the surface of the liquid and become gas particles.

The gas particles also lose kinetic energy and they tend to move slower. The interparticle space that exists between the gas particles decreases. As it continues to cool down the gas will change to a liquid state.

If water vapour (gas) is cooled, it changes to water (liquid). This change is called condensing.

For all gases, that zero point (absolute zero) is (roughly) the same and although clearly the gas would no longer be a gas there, this is an important implication. The separate laws can be combined into the ideal gas law, PV = NRT.

At zero kelvin (minus 273 degrees Celsius) the particles stop moving and all disorder disappears. Thus, nothing can be colder than absolute zero on the Kelvin scale. Physicists have now created an atomic gas in the laboratory that nonetheless has negative Kelvin values.

There’s a catch, though: absolute zero is impossible to reach. The reason has to do with the amount of work necessary to remove heat from a substance, which increases substantially the colder you try to go. To reach zero kelvins, you would require an infinite amount of work.

It’s minus 273.15 degrees on the Celsius scale, or minus 459.67 degrees Fahrenheit.

But what about absolute hot? It’s the highest possible temperature that matter can attain, according to conventional physics, and well, it’s been measured to be exactly 1,420,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 degrees Celsius (2,556,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 degrees Fahrenheit).

Boomerang nebula

According to data from the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite, the temperature of space is 2.725K (2.725 degrees above absolute zero).

Flying through outer space has dramatic effects on the body, and people in space experience aging at a faster rate than people on Earth. These studies showed that space alters gene function, function of the cell’s powerhouse (mitochondria), and the chemical balance in cells.

(AP) — How do astronauts do laundry in space? They don’t. NASA wants to change that — if not at the International Space Station, then the moon and Mars — and stop throwing away tons of dirty clothes every year, stuffing them in the trash to burn up in the atmosphere aboard discarded cargo ships.

Astronauts need space suits to stay alive. You could only last 15 seconds without a spacesuit — you’d die of asphyxiation or you’ll freeze. If there’s any air left in your lungs, they will rupture. See more stories on Insider’s business page.

On February 7, 1984, Bruce McCandless became the first human to float free from any earthly anchor when he stepped out of the space shuttle Challenger and flew away from the ship. McCandless, who died on December 21, 2017, had a long and storied history in NASA’s space program.

The primary problems with becoming and remaining pregnant in space are radiation and low-gravity environments. It’s important to understand both. Radiation can affect a man’s sperm count, rendering him infertile, possibly permanently. It can also harm a developing fetus.

On Earth, farts are typically no big deal — smelly, harmless, and they quickly dissipate. But if you’re an astronaut, every fart is a ticking time bomb. The gases in farts are flammable, which can quickly become a problem in a tiny pressurized capsule in the middle of space where your fart gases have no where to go.

Civilian astronaut salaries GS-11 astronauts average starting salary: $66,026 per year. GS-14 astronauts can earn up to $144,566 per year.

Michael Richard Uram “Rich” Clifford (born October 13, 1952), is a former United States Army officer and NASA astronaut….

Currently, a GS-11 astronaut starts at $64,724 per year; a GS-14 astronaut can earn up to $141,715 in annual salary [source: NASA]. Civilian astronauts may choose from a number of health plans and life insurance options; premium payments for these policies are partially offset by the government.

No hazard pay here. And that is, in part, fitting: Though the astronauts got the attention for Apollo 11, they were simply part of a team at NASA that made the moonwalk a success.