During the Industrial Revolution, the first modern highway was developed by John Loudon McAdam. In the 17th and 18th century, many new modes of transportation were invented such as bicycles, trains, motor cars, trucks, airplanes, and trams. In 1906, the first car was developed with an internal combustion engine.

There has been a remarkable development in modern transportation. The steam engine and then the steam trains have emerged and spread at this time and in abundance until the discovery of natural gas and oil was an evolution of transportation. Thus, the sedans and vehicles began to run in oil.

New companies are developing applications that deliver affordable transit in areas with limited or poor services. The enormous expansion of data has enabled drivers to re-route around traffic or know when their bus will arrive.

Evolution of transportation – definition Long ago people did not have any means of transport. They used to move only on foot and carry goods either on their back or using animals. Invention of the wheel made a great change in modes of transport. The invention of steam engine introduced a new source of power.

Walking

Steam Engine made a great change in modes of transport The ‘steam engine’ was a great invention made that transformed the modes of transport. The steam engine was made over a period of around 100 years by 3 British inventors.

The invention of the wheel made a great change in modes of transport. The design of the wheel was improved over thousands of years. Until the beginning of the 19th century, people still depended on animal power to transport them from place to place. The invention of the steam engine introduced a new source of power.

THE WHEEL is often described as the most important invention of all time – it had a fundamental impact on transport and later on agriculture and industry.

ROAD TRANSPORT

The different modes of transport are air, water, and land transport, which includes Rails or railways, road and off-road transport. Other modes also exist, including pipelines, cable transport, and space transport.

These most common five modes of transport are: railways, roadways, airways, waterways and pipelines. Following is the brief account of each mode with reference to Indian conditions with relative merits and demerits.

Therefore; an essential part of transportation management lies in building an efficient supply chain from the six main modes of transportation: road, maritime, air, rail, intermodal, and pipeline. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each mode is paramount to building an effective supply chain.

Transportation Features and Modes

• Product Options. This feature is concerned with the number of different products that can realistically be shipped using a certain mode.
• Speed of Delivery.
• Accessibility.
• Cost.
• Capacity.
• Intermodal Capable.

Railways

Moving goods by rail is often much cheaper, more efficient and less environmentally damaging than sending goods by road. Almost $500 billion of freight is transported by rail in the U.S. every year, with many trips of 1,000–1,500 miles or more.

Air transportation

Water transport

The cheapest means of transport for a long distance is Waterways. The amount for loading and unloading goods is much cheaper if it has to travel a long distance. If one has to travel physically to a short distance then it is advisable to take a train. Railways are both cheaper and comfortable to travel.

About 100 years ago, the types of transport available were walking, horse-riding, trains and trams in cities. Cars were developed around the 1900’s. They progressed from wooden, steam, electicity charged vehicles to metal cars.

Oil is normally transported by one of four options: Pipeline – the most commonly used form of oil transportation is through oil pipelines. Pipelines are typically used to move crude oil from the wellhead to gathering and processing facilities and from there to refineries and tanker loading facilities.

Fuel and Grease are two most important petroleum products which are used in transport sector. Gasoline, jet fuel and distillate fuels (i.e. diesel fuel) are the most common fuel products which are made from petroleum products.

Today, 60% of all transported oil is transported by oil tanker. But transporting oil by ships is not without risks. Oil can be spilled from tankers during accidents at sea, or while cargo is being loaded or unloaded. Oil spills from tanker ships happen less often than spills from trains and trucks.

Pipelines are one of the ways that oil is transported after being refined. The transportation of oil is the final step that oil takes before it is distributed to consumers. The transportation of oil is a part of midstream industry.

Pipeline transportation is a method of transportation which involves movement of solid, liquid or gaseous products over long distances through pipelines. This mode of transportation is mostly used for transport of crude and refined petroleum products such as oil and natural gas.

Answer: Among the different means of transportation, Railway system is the cheapest and safest mode both for passengers and goods. Liquids and gases are transported in pipelines, and any chemically stable substance can be sent through a pipeline.

Heating oil, also called fuel oil, is used in boilers and furnaces for heating homes and buildings, for industrial heating, and for producing electricity in power plants….What are the petroleum products people consume most?

Besides, passenger vehicles consume only about 26 percent of the oil used worldwide.

There are 1.65 trillion barrels of proven oil reserves in the world as of 2016. The world has proven reserves equivalent to 46.6 times its annual consumption levels. This means it has about 47 years of oil left (at current consumption levels and excluding unproven reserves).

4 percent