i.e. is the abbreviation for the Latin phrase id est, meaning “that is.” This abbreviation is used when you want to specify something mentioned previously; it can be used interchangeably with “specifically” or “namely.” Here are some examples: “Only one city, i.e., London, has hosted the Summer Olympics three times.”

Id est

When listing a number of items after i.e., should the colon be used as follows: i.e.: or does the colon replace the period and then written: i.e: Thank you. I would heartily recommend that you not use i.e. in this way. If you must use it, don’t blow away the period after the “e.”

In modern American English, a comma should follow both e.g. and i.e. And because they have both become so commonplace, it is unnecessary to place the abbreviations in italics, even though they are abbreviated Latin phrases.

Due to the nature of e.g., adding a colon to it is considered redundant as it exists to introduce a list (likewise, you would not write “for example:” in a sentence, as it does the same job). The phrase “e.g.” is an acronym of the Latin “exempli gratia,” which translates roughly to “for example.”

According to the Chicago Manual of Style, it’s “e.g.” and it’s not italicized. It’s an abbreviation, so just as you would abbreviate United States to U.S., you do the same with e.g.

It’s is a contraction and should be used where a sentence would normally read “it is.” the apostrophe indicates that part of a word has been removed. Its with no apostrophe, on the other hand, is the possessive word, like “his” and “her,” for nouns without gender.

Use “Your” in a Sentence Prior to a Noun or Pronoun

1. Just give him your pen.
2. Go deliver your newspapers.
3. George is not planning to go to your house.
4. Is that your shoe in the ditch?
5. You must eat your vegetables before you can play your game.

It’s is a contraction of “it is” or “it has.” Its is a possessive determiner we use to say that something belongs to or refers to something.

Affect and effect are easy to mix up. Affect is usually a verb, and it means to impact or change. Effect is usually a noun, an effect is the result of a change. Watch out!

phrase. If a law or policy takes effect or comes into effect at a particular time, it officially begins to apply or be valid from that time. If it remains in effect, it still applies or is still valid.

While affect is always a verb, effect is usually a noun. As a noun, effect means “the result,” “the change,” or “the influence.” As affect, a verb “produces a change,” effect, a noun, is the “change” or “result.” Since effect means an “influence” in this sentence, it is the correct word to use here.

come into effect to become valid, effective, or operable. When did these rules come into effect? They came into effect while you were on vacation.

The immediate precipitating event was the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany on September 1, 1939 and the subsequent declarations of war on Germany made by Britain and France, but many other prior events have been suggested as ultimate causes.

Immediate causes occur near the time of an event. Remote causes occur in a more distant time.

The two most important parts of a chain of events are the first cause and the last cause. The first cause — the initial cause that put the others in motion — is called the underlying cause. The last cause — the final cause that resulted in some effect — is called the immediate cause.