For example, rain (hydrosphere) falls from clouds in the atmosphere to the lithosphere and forms streams and rivers that provide drinking water for wildlife and humans as well as water for plant growth (biosphere). River action erodes banks (lithosphere) and uproots plants (biosphere) on the riverbanks.

The lithosphere consists of solid rock: mountains, sand and minerals. The hydrosphere consists of water in all its forms: ice, snow, lakes, dams, rivers and the ocean. The atmosphere is a layer of gases around the Earth, for example carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen.

The hydrosphere defines the water that covers 71% of the Earth’s surface. The lithosphere refers to the rocks of the Earth’s surface and upper mantle, or the depth of the plates. The atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere interact with each other to make our planet liveable.

All of the oceans, lakes, seas and clouds are an example of the hydrosphere. All of the Earth’s water, including surface water (water in oceans, lakes, and rivers), groundwater (water in soil and beneath the Earth’s surface), snowcover, ice, and water in the atmosphere, including water vapor.

Without the hydrosphere, the atmosphere will no longer be able to carry up the evaporated water, as well as pour down the water, leaving the biosphere to rot away. And since the Hydrosphere stopped working, none of this would be possible, ending all of the Biosphere’s organisms.

Climate change is dramatically affecting our hydrosphere, mainly our oceans. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Ocean and Cryosphere (frozen water) cited these changes in our oceans: acidification, increases in water temperature, sea-level rise, loss of oxygen and sea ice retreat.

Explanation: so when pure water vapor from the water bodies get absorbed into polluted gases in the atmosphere, acid rain is caused and when this happens in a place where an element of the hydrosphere is located, it is polluted.