four types

Coulomb repulsion (uncountable) (physics) The repulsive force between two positive or two negative charges, as described by Coulomb’s law.

LIMITATIONS OF COULOMB’S LAW: 1)Applicable only in cases when inverse law works. 3)It is Difficult to apply Coulomb’s Law,when charges are in arbitrary shape.

There are three types of charge distributions : a) Linear Charge Distribution. In this distribution the charge is distributed uniformly along a line in a straight line or circumference of a circle. b) Surface Charge Distribution. In this distribution the charge is distributed continuously over some area.

A charge distribution is ultimately composed of individual charged particles separated by regions containing no charge. For example, the charge in an electrically charged metal object is made up of conduction electrons moving randomly in the metal’s crystal lattice.

: the portion of the electrical charge on a conductor that because of the inductive action of a neighboring charge will not escape to the earth when the conductor is grounded.

A free charge is not bound to the nucleus and can have any energy from zero. Further, the energy possessed by it is always kinetic in nature. A bound charge, on the other hand, is bound to the nucleus and can have only quantized energies.

“Bound charges” means that they cannot travel freely through the volume of the sample, as is the case for a conductor. Instead, they respond to the external electric field by displacing from the equilibrium positions by a microscopic distance.

The Field of a Polarized Object and the Physical Interpretation of Bound Charges. Notice that the head of one dipole cancels off the tail of another dipole leaving one charge at each end with each charge being opposite.