Nearly all the cells in the human body carry two homologous, or similar, copies of each chromosome. The total number of chromosomes in diploid cells is described as 2n, which is twice the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell (n).

In humans, n = 23. Gametes contain half the chromosomes contained in normal diploid cells of the body, which are also known as somatic cells. Haploid gametes are produced during meiosis, which is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent diploid cell by half.

Diploid cells contain two complete sets (2n) of chromosomes. Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes (n) as diploid – i.e. a haploid cell contains only one complete set of chromosomes.

Because they have a single set of chromosomes, they have half the number of chromosomes as in diploid cells. Diploid condition is often seen in somatic cells of various vertebrates. Haploid condition is observed in sex cells or gametes of various vertebrates.

Diploid is a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent. In humans, cells other than human sex cells, are diploid and have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Human sex cells (egg and sperm cells) contain a single set of chromosomes and are known as haploid.

Diploid Examples In humans, diploid cells or 2n= 46 (or, 23 pairs of chromosomes), in dogs, 2n=78 (or 39 pair of chromosomes), in the earthworm, 2n=36 (or, 18 pairs of chromosomes) and in E. coli, 2n=1.

The n represents haploid condition. It means the cell possesses a half number of chromosomes. For example, in human 23 chromosomes shows n condition. The 2n represents diploid condition. It means the cell possesses 2 nuclei along with 2 sets of the chromosome.

We use “c” to represent the DNA content in a cell, and “n” to represent the number of complete sets of chromosomes. In contrast, the 4 cells that come from meiosis of a 2n, 4c cell are each 1c and 1n, since each pair of sister chromatids, and each pair of homologous chromosomes, divides during meiosis.

C-value is the amount, in picograms, of DNA contained within a haploid nucleus (e.g. a gamete) or one half the amount in a diploid somatic cell of a eukaryotic organism.

New cells are created from a process called cell division. The new cells are produced when a cell, called the mother cell, divides into new cells called daughter cells. When two daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell, the process is called mitosis.

New cells are created from existing cells through a process called the cell cycle. One cell can make a copy of itself and form two new daughter cells. This happens during mitosis, or the M phase of the cell cycle. During mitosis, cells build a molecular machine, which is known as the mitotic spindle.

Most of the time when people refer to “cell division,” they mean mitosis, the process of making new body cells. Meiosis is the type of cell division that creates egg and sperm cells. During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and splits to form two identical daughter cells.

Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle. Meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells by undergoing one round of DNA replication followed by two divisions.