Answer: Angle of incidence can be equal to angle of refraction if u consider normal refraction that is, angle of incidence equal to 0 degrees. As, speed of light, in both the mediums is different , this causes the light to bend towards the normal, when moving from rarer to denser medium.

Angle of Incidence is not equal to refraction because a refracted ray depends on how dense is the substance.

When light speeds up as it passes from one material to another, the angle of refraction is bigger than the angle of incidence. For example, this happens when light passes from water to air or from glass to water.

law of reflection

In geometric optics, the angle of incidence is the angle between a ray incident on a surface and the line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence, called the normal. The ray can be formed by any wave: optical, acoustic, microwave, X-ray and so on.

Definition of angle of incidence. : the angle that a line (such as a ray of light) falling on a surface or interface makes with the normal drawn at the point of incidence.

When the angle of incidence in water reaches a certain critical value, the refracted ray lies along the boundary, having an angle of refraction of 90-degrees. This angle of incidence is known as the critical angle; it is the largest angle of incidence for which refraction can still occur.

The angle of incidence is the angle between this normal and the incident ray; the angle of reflection is the angle between this normal and the reflected ray.

INCIDENCE ANGLE, θ The solar incidence angle, θ, is the angle between the sun’s rays and the normal on a surface. For a horizontal plane, the incidence angle, θ, and the zenith angle, Φ, are the same.

In reference to solar energy systems: the angle a ray of sun makes with a line perpendicular to a surface; for example, a surface directly facing the sun has an angle of incidence of zero, and a surface parallel to the sun (such as a sunrise striking a horizontal rooftop) has an angle of incidence of 90°.

Incidence Angle Modifier (IAM) IAM is the variance in output performance of a solar collector as the angle of the sun changes in relation to the surface of the collector.

Seasonal change in the angle of sunlight, caused by the tilt of Earth’s axis, is the basic mechanism that results in warmer weather in summer than in winter. Change in day length is another factor. (See also season.)

At the equator, 0 degrees latitude, the sun angle at noon at the equinox is 90 — 0 = 90 degrees, or directly overhead. In Washington, which is 15.5 degrees north of the tropic, the noon sun angle is 74.5 degrees above the horizon.

90o angle

The sun angle is defined as the angle at which the sun strikes the Earth. This is when the sun appears highest in the sky, and provides longer days that add more heat energy to the earth’s surface. During our winter the sun angle is lowest as the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun.

The angle of incoming solar radiation influences seasonal temperatures of locations at different latitudes. Therefore, the solar radiation is concentrated over a smaller surface area, causing warmer temperatures.

23.5 degrees

The Sun is directly overhead at “high-noon” on the equator twice per year, at the two equinoxes. Spring (or Vernal) Equinox is usually March 20, and Fall (or Autumnal) equinox is usually September 22.

At the equator, the noon sun is straight overhead on the equinoxes. And after you pass 23.5° south latitude (the Tropic of Capricorn), the noon sun is always in the north. The Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn mark the locations where the rays of the noon sun are perpendicular to the ground at the solstices.

Solution. The maximum angle is at summer solstice, where δ is maximum, that is, 23.5°. Therefore, the maximum noon altitude angle is 90°− 40° + 23.5° = 73.5°. Therefore, the minimum noon altitude angle is 90° − 40° − 23.5° = 26.5°.

John Stetson took photographs of the sun in the sky on December 21, 2014 and June 18, 2015. John’s location is Hinckley, Maine. At this location, 44° north, the sun’s maximum altitude on December 21, 2014 (winter solstice) is 22.1° above the horizon. On June 21, 2015 (summer solstice) the sun’s altitude is 68.9°.

In Nashville (northern latitude 36 degrees), the height of the Sun above the southern horizon at midday on December 21 is 90-36-23.5 = 30.5 degrees; on March 21 (vernal equinox) and September 21 (autumnal equinox) the height above the southern horizon reaches 54 degrees; on June 21 (summer solstice) it reaches 77 …

The deviation of the compass from true north is an angle called “declination” (or “magnetic declination”). If you were to hold your compass on its side, the north-pointing end of the compass would point down at the north geomagnetic pole, and it would point up at the south geomagnetic pole.

The following equation can be used to calculate the declination angle: δ=−23.45°×cos(360/365×(d+10)) where the d is the number of days since the start of the year The declination angle equals zero at the equinoxes (March 22 and September 22), positive during the summer in northern hemisphere and negative during winter …

Declination, in astronomy, the angular distance of a body north or south of the celestial equator. Thus, +90° declination marks the north celestial pole, 0° the celestial equator, and -90° the south celestial pole.

+22° 09′ 01”

23.45 degrees