Barium Chloride is an ionic conductor with cubic structure, is an anti-frenkel type solid and mobile charge carriers are Cl- ions. For the first time in 1978, C.C. Liang has shown the enhancement of conductivity in LiI by admixing the fine particles of an inert second phase SiO2 [11].

This exercise focuses on strong electrolyte salts….Arrhenius strong electrolytes.

BaCl2 is a strong electrolyte, even stronger then NaCl(difference in electronegativity of 2.23). The substances which are completely ionized in dissolved or molten state, are known as strong electrolytes.

BaCl2 crystallizes in two forms (polymorphs). In aqueous solution BaCl2 behaves as a simple salt; in water it is a 1:2 electrolyte and the solution exhibits a neutral pH. Its solutions react with sulfate ion to produce a thick white precipitate of barium sulfate.

Bromine monochloride, also called bromine(I) chloride, bromochloride, and bromine chloride, is an interhalogen inorganic compound with chemical formula BrCl. SrO; this is an ionic compound because Sr is a metal and O is a non-metal. BrCl; since both Br and Cl are non-metals, this is a molecular compound.

Silicon dioxide is a network solid held together by covalent bonds. The reason that silicon-oxygen bonds are covalent is that they are both non-metals, which have electronegativities higher than 1.8 or so. This makes the average electronegativity too high for the bond to be ionic.

NS Bond Polarity

There is a large enough electronegativity difference between sodium and chlorine for the bond to be ionic. There isn’t enough difference between silicon and chlorine, and so the bond is covalent.

Ionic bonds form when a nonmetal and a metal exchange electrons, while covalent bonds form when electrons are shared between two nonmetals. An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions.

ionic bond

Conclusion. The molecule of CCl4 is nonpolar in nature because of its symmetrical tetrahedral structure. However the C-Cl bond is a polar covalent bond, but the four bonds cancel the polarity of each other and form a nonpolar CCl4 molecule.

Four bonded pairs

Carbon tetrachloride molecule has zero dipole moment even though C and Cl have different electronegativities and each of the C – Cl bond is polar and has some dipole moment. This is because the individual dipole moments cancel out because of the symmetrical tetrahedral shape of the molecule.

Dipole-dipole forces occur between dipoles and are strongest when these are large. The C-Cl bond is polar. However, in CCl4, the tetrahedral shape leads to no overall dipole moment as there are negatively charged chlorine atoms on each Page 4 corner.

The C-Cl bond is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between C and Cl. The C-Cl bonds are more polar than the C-H bond as the electronegativity of CI is greater than the electronegativity of C and H. These are all bonding pairs of electrons so the shape of both molecules is tetrahedral.

Consequently, the bonding electrons in hydrogen chloride are shared unequally in a polar covalent bond….Polar Covalent Bonds.

The two C—Cl bond moments of the trans isomer cancel each other, and the compound has no dipole moment. The cis isomer has a dipole moment because the two C—Cl bond moments reinforce each other. As a result, the cis isomer is polar and has the higher boiling point.