Franz Schubert is considered the last of the classical composers and one of the first romantic ones. Schubert’s music is notable for its melody and harmony.

Franz Schubert, in full Franz Peter Schubert, (born January 31, 1797, Himmelpfortgrund, near Vienna [Austria]—died November 19, 1828, Vienna), Austrian composer who bridged the worlds of Classical and Romantic music, noted for the melody and harmony in his songs (lieder) and chamber music.

Classical tradition

Brahms only wrote orchestral music.

Brahms most important choral work: German Requiem.

Form is the most important organizing element in absolute music, which has no specific pictorial or literary program. Many masterworks of instrumental music are in a standard multimovement cycle of three or four movements; these include the Classic-era symphony, sonata, string quartet, and concerto.

Lesson Summary Absolute music is music which doesn’t have a subject or require physical context. It’s art for art’s sake, meant only to evoke emotion and encourage the listener to experience music as an art form. This idea became important in the early 19th century as part of the Romantic era.

Examples of absolute music compositions include Brahms’ First Symphony, Brahms’ Fourth Symphony, or any other instrumental work without a specific program. There are countless examples of absolute music in the Western traditions alone, but we’re going to focus on the three B’s: Bach, Beethoven, and Brahms.

It has been stated that the concept of program music does not represent a genre in itself but rather is present in varying degrees in different works of music.

Program music often requires some knowledge of previous music history to fully appreciate a work. For example, if you know that the “Dies irae” melody is from a medieval chant that has always been used to represent death, you will understand it’s significance when used in a piece.

Opera, ballet, and Lieder could also trivially be considered program music since they are intended to accompany vocal or stage performances….Antonín Dvořák

• Symphony No.
• The Water Goblin.
• The Noon Witch.
• A Hero’s Song.
• Four Overtures:

Programme music or program music is a type of instrumental art music that attempts to render an extra-musical narrative musically. The narrative itself might be offered to the audience through the piece’s title, or in the form of program notes, inviting imaginative correlations with the music.

Which is true of program music? It refers to some nonmusical idea such as a poetic or literary work. A program symphony is a(n): Romantic symphony that is based on a program.

The Main Characteristics of Romantic Music

• Freedom of form and design.
• Song-like melodies (lyrical), as well as many chromatic harmonies and discords.
• Dramatic contrasts of dynamics and pitch.
• Big orchestras, due mainly to brass and the invention of the valve.

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