Gene flow differs from genetic drift because it is the transfer of alleles or gametes from one population to another. This is different from the genetic drift seen with the founder effect where the new group is formed in an area that does not have an existing population. …

The introduction of new alleles through gene flow increases variability within the population and makes possible new combinations of traits. In humans gene flow usually comes about through the actual migration of human populations, either voluntary or forced.

Gene flow: when an individual enters or exits a population, this changes the allele frequency for the population the individual entered/exited. Founder effect: a small group of individuals splits off and starts a new population with less variation than the larger population they came from.

Genetic drift is a change in the frequency of an allele within a population over time. A population of rabbits can have brown fur and white fur with brown fur being the dominant allele. By random chance, the offspring may all be brown and this could reduce or eliminate the allele for white fur.

The consequences of genetic drift are numerous. It leads to random changes in allele frequencies. Drift causes fixation of alleles through the loss of alleles or genotypes. Drift can lead to the fixation or loss of entire genotypes in clonal (asexual) organisms.

Drift is more pronounced in such populations, because smaller populations have less variation and, therefore, a lower ability to respond favorably — that is, adapt — to changing conditions.

Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by deleterious or recessive traits. This usually leads to at least temporarily decreased biological fitness of a population (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and reproduce.

The founder effect is a case of genetic drift caused by a small population with limited numbers of individuals breaking away from a parent population. The occurrence of retinitis pigmentosa in the British colony on the Tristan da Cunha islands is an example of the founder effect.

What is the advantage and disadvantage of inbreeding?

• Inbreeding can have advantages It can concentrate the genes of a superior ancestor. It can fix a desired type relatively quickly.
• Additionally, what is the drawback of inbreeding?
• Advantages of Outbreeding: Growth of more desired and a combination of characters.
• But, as it turns out, inbreeding isn’t always bad.

Inbreeding can have advantages…

• It can concentrate the genes of a superior ancestor.
• It can fix a desired type relatively quickly.
• It may result in animals that are more likely to transmit their own traits regularly when they are used for breeding.

While it is not as important as selection or crossbreeding, inbreeding is used to produce genetically improved livestock, plants, and laboratory animals. Inbreeding might be the most important breeding technique used in the production of laboratory animals, because genetically uniform lines of rats, mice, etc.