Gregor Mendel | 10 Facts On The Father of Genetics

• #1 He worked as a gardener and studied beekeeping in his childhood.
• #2 He is an alumnus of what today is known as Palacký University, Olomouc.
• #3 He took the name Gregor upon entering religious life.
• #5 His famous experiments were conducted on peas.

Gregor Mendel was an Austrian scientist, teacher, and Augustinian prelate who lived in the 1800s. He experimented on garden pea hybrids while living at a monastery and is known as the father of modern genetics.

61 years (1822–1884)

By experimenting with pea plant breeding, Mendel developed three principles of inheritance that described the transmission of genetic traits, before anyone knew genes existed. Mendel’s insight greatly expanded the understanding of genetic inheritance, and led to the development of new experimental methods.

In 1865, Mendel presented the results of his experiments with nearly 30,000 pea plants to the local Natural History Society. He demonstrated that traits are transmitted faithfully from parents to offspring independently of other traits and in dominant and recessive patterns.

The key principles of Mendelian inheritance are summed up by Mendel’s three laws: the Law of Independent Assortment, Law of Dominance, and Law of Segregation.

1. Mendel crossed two pea plants differing in contrasting traits of two characters i.e a dihybrid cross.
2. He crossed a pea plant having yellow coloured and rounded seeds with another pea plant having green coloured and wrinkled seed.
3. The F1 generation has all round and yellow seeds.

On the next screen, he reveals that there are seven different traits:

• Pea shape (round or wrinkled)
• Pea color (green or yellow)
• Pod shape (constricted or inflated)
• Pod color (green or yellow)
• Flower color (purple or white)
• Plant size (tall or dwarf)
• Position of flowers (axial or terminal)

Mendel studied pea plants because they reproduced sexually and had traits that were easily observable. A pair of factors (known as genes) control traits. One gene comes from each parent for every trait. Each trait is passed from generation to generation.

Mendel’s model system: The pea plant Mendel carried out his key experiments using the garden pea, Pisum sativum, as a model system. Pea plants make a convenient system for studies of inheritance, and they are still studied by some geneticists today.

Mendel studied how traits are passed along to offspring. He used pea plants for 2 main factors: – Easy to grow and produce a large amount of offspring. – Self pollinate/Mendel could also cross pollinate.

Which best summarizes the results of Mendel’s pea plant experiments? One parent passes traits to offspring in a random process. Both parents pass traits to offspring in a random process. Both parents pass traits to offspring in a fairly predictable pattern.

Answer. Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits.

The genetic experiments Mendel did with pea plants took him eight years (1856-1863) and he published his results in 1865. During this time, Mendel grew over 10,000 pea plants, keeping track of progeny number and type. Mendel’s work and his Laws of Inheritance were not appreciated in his time.

Answer Expert Verified. The best example of hypothesis which leads to new experiment methods was done by Morgan where he used fruit flies. Thomas Hunt Morgan continues on genetic research which is of Gregor Mendel.

A hypothesis is an explanation for a set of observations….Examples of If, Then Hypotheses

• If you get at least 6 hours of sleep, you will do better on tests than if you get less sleep.
• If you drop a ball, it will fall toward the ground.
• If you drink coffee before going to bed, then it will take longer to fall asleep.

meiosis II