Energy transfers come in the form of Sound, Chemical, Radiant, Electric, Atomic/nuclear, and Mechanical/motion energy. Movement of heat from a warmer object to a colder one. Heat energy is transferred by radiation, conduction, and convection. Heat energy is transferred through empty space.

Examples of energy transfers include:

• A swinging pirate ship ride at a theme park. Kinetic energy is transferred into gravitational potential energy.
• A boat being accelerated by the force of the engine.
• Bringing water to the boil in an electric kettle.

Heat can be transferred in three ways: by conduction, by convection, and by radiation.

• Conduction is the transfer of energy from one molecule to another by direct contact.
• Convection is the movement of heat by a fluid such as water or air.
• Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.

The energy is dissipated into the system. In a mechanical system, energy is dissipated when two surfaces rub together. Internal (thermal) energy heating the air. Kinetic energy of the fan that blows the air.

Ways to reduce heat loss

1. Simple ways to reduce heat loss include fitting carpets, curtains and draught excluders.
2. Heat loss through windows can be reduced by using double glazing.
3. Heat loss through walls can be reduced using cavity wall insulation.
4. Heat loss through the roof can be reduced by laying loft insulation.

The biggest area for heat loss in most homes are drafts within in the walls, windows and doors. It’s typical for these spots to be less noticeable than you’d think they would be. Just a single 1/8 inch gap under a standard 36-inch wide door will leak just as much cold heat out as an almost 2.5 inch hole through a wall.

Energy can be lost through radiation by the loss of sunlight. We could lose energy through convection through cold air or less air flow, and conduction by an outside source conducting more energy.

Energy is transferred by heating, by waves, by an electric current, or by a force when it moves an object. Some or all of its energy is transferred to the surroundings – the thermal energy store of the surroundings increases, and energy is also transferred by sound waves.

Electrical energy

electrical energy

There are three measurable properties of wave motion: amplitude, wavelength, and frequency. A definitive experiment was Young’s double slit experiment, which demonstrated that light shined at two slits in a screen show an interference pattern characteristic of waves of light, rather than particles.