Titrimetric analysis commonly referred to as volumetric analysis offers distinct advantages over cumbersome gravimetric methods: Speed of analysis. Instantaneous completion of reactions. Greater accuracy due to minimization of material loss involved in decanting, filtration, precipitation or similar operations.

pH Titration and Indicators:- The drawback of using indicator is that test samples should be colourless to see indicator’s colour change . Indicators also measure pH at low frequency. Litmus is not used in titrations because pH range over which it changes colour is too great.

An acid-base titration is used to determine the unknown concentration of an acid or base by neutralizing it with an acid or base of known concentration. It makes use of the neutralization reaction that occurs between acids and bases and the knowledge of how acids and bases will react if their formulas are known.

Limitations for Titration Experiments

• Determining End Point. The most common and obvious limitation of titration experiments is that the end point of the process does not necessarily equal the equivalence point precisely.
• Accuracy of the Measuring Instruments.
• Uncertainty Value.
• Other Human Error.

A back titration is used when the molar concentration of an excess reactant is known, but the need exists to determine the strength or concentration of an analyte. When direct titration endpoint would be hard to discern (e.g., weak acid and weak base titration) When the reaction occurs very slowly.

Silver chromate is an inorganic compound with formula Ag2CrO4 which appears as distinctively coloured brown-red crystals.

The chloride ion concentration of the MgCl2 and CaCl2 solutions is determined by a precipitation titration with calibrated silver nitrate solution. This procedure is known as Mohr’s method.

This method can be used to determine the chloride ion concentration of water samples from many sources such as, stream water, river water and many drugs and chemicals. 4.  Solutions Needed  Silver nitrate solution: (0.1 mol L−1) If possible, dry 5 g of AgNO3 for 2 hours at 100°C and allow to cool.

silver ion has empty orbital thus solution must be acidic. nitrate ion is conjugate base of a strong acid thus its basicity is weak.

AgNO3

Silver nitrate sticks are used to help treat and remove granulation tissue around your child’s stoma. Do not use silver nitrate if your child has a sensitivity to silver. Applying silver nitrate may be painful. Giving your child acetaminophen or ibuprofen before application may help your child stay comfortable.

Copper(II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2, is an inorganic compound that forms a blue crystalline solid. Anhydrous copper nitrate forms deep blue-green crystals and sublimes in a vacuum at 150-200 °C. copper(II) nitrate (anh.)

On average, 3.8 grams of silver nitrate given orally can cause argyria to begin to be observed. Silver nitrate is mainly considered a poison with ingestion due to the corrosive nature of the compound. If ingested, silver nitrate can cause potentially fatal gastroenteritis and gastrointestinal bleed.

Side effects of silver nitrate include:

• burning and skin irritation.
• staining of the skin.
• blood disorder (methemoglobinemia)

Silver nitrate stains skin and can even cause burns. Keep away from anything you do not wish to see stained black. The material does not at first stain, it is just absorbed into the skin. If you get silver nitrate on your skin the obvious thing is to rinse immediately in plenty of water.

Pour 1 to 2 tsp. of household ammonia onto the stained area of the skin. Scrub the area firmly with a cloth to remove the silver nitrate stain.

Length of treatment Frequency of application varies based on wound needs. If silver nitrate is being used for hypergranulation, apply it once daily for up to 5 days or until resolution of hypergranulation. In the case of rolled edges/epibole, treatment varies from daily to 3 times a week until the problem is resolved.

The silver nitrate molecule is unstable and when it comes into contact with something it can oxidize (like skin) it releases silver on an atomic scale. The billions of atoms of silver absorb light instead of reflecting it, and so appear black.

Silver nitrate topical (for use on the skin) is used to cauterize infected tissues around a skin wound. Silver nitrate can also help create a scab to help stop bleeding from a minor skin wound. Silver nitrate is also used to help remove warts or skin tags.

Tea tree oil is considered a natural remedy and tea tree oil is scientifically proven to be an effective skin tag treatment.

RNs/LPNs may apply silver nitrate to hypergranulation tissue following an assessment by or consultation with the general surgery nurse clinician or physician confirming the presence of hypergranulation tissue.

Silver nitrate is commonly used to chemically cauterize a wound for hemostasis after debridement or treatment of hypergranulation tissue. It is an inorganic and radiodense material with antimicrobial properties that can be used as a solution or an applicator stick.