Modern global warming is the result of an increase in magnitude of the so-called greenhouse effect, a warming of Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere caused by the presence of water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxides, and other greenhouse gases.

The biggest causes of global warming are deforestation, factories, electricity wastage, etc. Deforestation reduces the number of trees, which means there will be more carbon dioxide in the air. Factories produce a lot of greenhouse gases, and most electricity requires burning fossil fuels.

Global warming stresses ecosystems through temperature rises, water shortages, increased fire threats, drought, weed and pest invasions, intense storm damage and salt invasion, just to name a few.

the developed world is responsible for most of climate change situation today. Over 70% of the greenhouse gases emission was due to the developed countries, while India’s contribution is just 3%.

“Climate change exerts a de-stabilizing influence on an already-unstable world,” says Peter deMenocal, a climate scientist with Columbia University. “It adds a fundamental insecurity to people’s lives and livelihoods, from small island nations to the most developed nations in the world.

“Global warming is a gradual increase in the earth’s temperature generally due to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, CFCs, and other pollutants.

Human activities are responsible for almost all of the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere over the last 150 years. The largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from human activities in the United States is from burning fossil fuels for electricity, heat, and transportation.

What is the “villain” in the global warming problem? The general perception towards the global warming problem is that the increasing temperature of the Earth is due to the greenhouse effect. They see greenhouse effect as the main villain or culprit.

The Carbon Majors Database report names the following 10 companies as those which belch most carbon dioxide into the atmosphere:

• China Coal 14.3 %
• Saudi Aramco 4.5 %
• Gazprom OAO 3.9 %
• National Iranian Oil Co 2.3 %
• ExxonMobil Corp 2.0 %
• Coal India 1.9 %
• Petróleos Mexicanos 1.9 %
• Russia Coal 1.9 %

In 2019, China was the biggest emitter of fossil fuel carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. With a share of almost 30 percent of the world’s total CO2 emissions that year, this was roughly twice the amount emitted by the second largest emitter the United States.

Global emitters (1988 to 2015)

The United States produced 6.7 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2018, the second largest in the world after greenhouse gas emissions by China and among the countries with the highest greenhouse gas emissions per person.

China

It is caused by increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, mainly from human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation and farming.

• Burning fossil fuels.
• Deforestation & Tree-Clearing.

The Top 10 Causes of Global Warming

• Power Plants. Forty percent of U.S. carbon dioxide emissions stem from electricity production.
• Transportation. EPA reports state that thirty-three percent of U.S. emissions come from the transportation of people and goods.
• Farming.
• Deforestation.
• Fertilizers.
• Oil Drilling.
• Natural Gas Drilling.
• Permafrost.

Humans are increasingly influencing the climate and the earth’s temperature by burning fossil fuels, cutting down rainforests and farming livestock. This adds enormous amounts of greenhouse gases to those naturally occurring in the atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect and global warming.

For example, improvements to energy efficiency and vehicle fuel economy, increases in wind and solar power, biofuels from organic waste, setting a price on carbon, and protecting forests are all potent ways to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases trapping heat on the planet.

Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth’s average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released as people burn fossil fuels.

Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems; habitat destruction; the extinction of wildlife; and pollution. When natural habitats are destroyed or natural resources are depleted, the environment is degraded.

Serious threats Overall, the Earth suffers from land degradation; biodiversity loss; air, land and water pollution; and the effects of climate change—and must prevent and manage further risks and disasters. A major extinction event is underway, compromising the globe’s “ability to meet human needs,” the report warns.

Human activity is by far the biggest cause of habitat loss. The loss of wetlands, plains, lakes, and other natural environments all destroy or degrade habitat, as do other human activities such as introducing invasive species, polluting, trading in wildlife, and engaging in wars.

The short answer is yes. The fossil record shows everything goes extinct, eventually. Almost all species that ever lived, over 99.9%, are extinct. Humans are inevitably heading for extinction.

WHO says reaching the goal will require addressing the major threats and these are the top 10 in 2019.

1. Air pollution and climate change.
2. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)
3. Global influenza pandemic.
4. Fragile and vulnerable settings.
5. Antimicrobial resistance.
6. Ebola and other high-threat pathogens.
7. Weak primary healthcare.

Mosquitoes

Not prioritised over one another, these risks are: decline of natural resources, particularly water. collapse of ecosystems and loss of biodiversity. human population growth beyond Earth’s carrying capacity. global warming and human-induced climate change.

3 Global Public Health Threats

• Climate Change. Climate change can no longer be classified as soley an environmental, scientific, or technological issue, according to James Orbinski, a founding member of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and Dignitas International.
• Obesity.
• Antibiotic and Antimicrobial Resistance.

• Physical Activity and Nutrition.
• Overweight and Obesity.
• Tobacco.
• Substance Abuse.
• HIV/AIDS.
• Mental Health.
• Injury and Violence.
• Environmental Quality.

Both heart disease and stroke are leading causes of death in the United States. About 610,000 people die of heart disease each year. Prevention focuses on addressing high blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol and smoking. Meanwhile, there are about 130,000 deaths due to stroke annually.

Some of the major diseases currently affecting countries around the globe include HIV/AIDS, malaria, Zika, and tuberculosis. Climate change is also an international problem which can affect people’s health.