The primary cause of soil pollution is a lack of awareness in general people. Thus, due to many different human activities such as overuse of pesticides the soil will lose its fertility. Moreover, the presence of excess chemicals will increase the alkalinity or acidity of soil thus degrading the soil quality.

“Soil acts as a filter for contaminants. But when its buffering capacity is exceeded, contaminants can enter the environment and the food chain. This undermines food security by making crops risky and unsafe for consumption”.

Soil pollution also causes the loss of soil and natural nutrients present in it, hindering plants ability to thrive in such soil, which would further result in soil erosion and disturbing the balance of flora and fauna residing in the soil. The creation of toxic dust is another potential effect of soil pollution.

CONCLUSIONS ON POLLUTION. Much is being done to control, monitor and rectify damage done by pollutants. The problems are diverse and some are only being recognised but it is important to keep a close control over pollutants so that we can maintain the environment in an acceptable condition for future generations.

Climate and topography influence soil structure through factors such as temperature, precipitation, elevation, slope gradient and directional aspect. Soil properties such as texture, mineralogy, SOC and organisms interact and moderate the influence of the climate.

The benefits of improving soil structure for the growth of plants, particularly in an agricultural setting, include: reduced erosion due to greater soil aggregate strength and decreased overland flow; improved root penetration and access to soil moisture and nutrients; improved emergence of seedlings due to reduced …