It is used when the member believes that an error in parliamentary procedure has occurred. An appeal must have a second, is debatable, requires a majority vote, can be reconsidered, and can interrupt. The decision of the chair is sustained by a majority vote or a tie vote.

The whole design of the rules of parliamentary procedure is created to balance the rights of the members. The interests balanced by the rules are those 1) of the majority, 2) of the minority, 3) of the individual member, 4) of the absentee members, and 5) of all together.

Parliamentary law “is a system of rules that are designed to protect the rights of those people attending and running a meeting” (PLI 1995:6).

• Five Basic Principles of Parliamentary Procedure.
• Developing an Agenda or Order of Business.
• Motions.
• Amending a Motion.
• Types of Amendment.
• NO AMENDMENT BEYOND THAT OF SECOND RANK IS POSSIBLE.
• Order of Voting upon Amendments.
• a majority vote of the members present. School Representative Reports.

The process of handling motions generally involves the following steps, depending on the motion and the rules of order in use:

1. A member obtains the floor and makes a motion.
2. Another member seconds the motion.
3. The chair states the motion.
4. Members debate the motion.
5. The chair puts the motion to a vote.

Four Fundamental Principles of Parliamentary Procedure

• One Speaker Speaks At a Time. When you think of this as simple courtesy, it takes the fear out of who may get the floor to speak and when a speaker may be interrupted.
• One Question Is Decided At A Time.
• The Speaker Must Be Respectful.
• Everyone’s Rights Are Protected By Balancing Them With Each Other.

The purpose of parliamentary procedure is to make it easier for people to work together effectively and to help groups accomplish their purposes. Rules of procedure should assist a meeting, not inhibit it.

Regular methods

• Voice vote.
• Rising vote.
• Show of hands.
• Signed ballot.
• Repeated balloting.
• Preferential voting.
• Cumulative voting.
• Runoffs.

The articles are the foundation for how the U.S government is organized. Article l, gives Congress limits and powers, giving them the right to make laws. Also, creates the Senate and the House of Representatives. Article ll, makes the executive branch which has the responsibility and authority for the administration.

Benefits of the use of proper parliamentary procedure include the ability to focus on one item at a time, decisions that recognize the majority while protecting the rights of the minority, equal opportunity for input among participants, and faster, more orderly meetings.

Parliamentary procedure provides the process for proposing, amending, approving and defeating legislative motions. Many Washington cities have adopted Robert’s Rules, supplementing those rules with additional rules on issues such as voting abstentions and motions for reconsideration.

Principles

• Majority rule.
• Minority rights.
• Member rights.
• Absentee rights.
• One question at a time.
• One person, one vote.
• Only members present can vote.
• Changing action previously decided on.

Contrary to common perception, parliamentary procedure is not synonymous with the book Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised (11th Edition). The book includes sections on presiding, the duties of officers, running elections, writing and amending bylaws, counting votes, and holding board and committee meetings.

Coming September 2020, the new 12th edition of Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised. Robert’s Rules of Order is the recognized guide to smooth, orderly, and fairly conducted meetings.

Robert’s Rules of Order is a manual of parliamentary procedure that governs most organizations with boards of directors. In 1876, Henry Martyn Robert adapted the rules and practices of Congress to the needs of non-legislative bodies and wrote them in his book, which is still in use today.

When a body has completed the scheduled order of business at a meeting and there is no further business for the assembly to consider at that time, the chair may simply declare the meeting adjourned without a motion having been made.

Ask for one by saying “Do I hear a motion to adjourn?” The motion to adjourn should clearly specify the time and date of the next meeting as well as any urgent matters that require special session before the next general meeting. Under Robert’s rules, the motion needs to be seconded and cannot be amended or debated.

Closing a Meeting

• It looks like we’ve run out of time, so I guess we’ll finish here.
• I think we’ve covered everything on the list.
• I guess that will be all for today.
• Well, look at that…we’ve finished ahead of schedule for once.
• If no one has anything else to add, then I think we’ll wrap this up.

: to suspend indefinitely or until a later stated time adjourn a meeting Court is adjourned until 10 a.m. tomorrow. intransitive verb. 1 : to suspend a session indefinitely or to another time or place Congress will not adjourn until the budget has been completed.

Robert’s Rules for Adjourning a Meeting

1. Adjourn now: “Mr. President, I move to adjourn.” Adoption of the motion closes the meeting.
2. Adjourn to continue the meeting later: “Mr. President, I move to adjourn to meet again tomorrow at 8 a.m.” This form sets up a continuation of the current meeting.
3. Adjourn sine die (without day): “Mr.

If the magistrates agree, the case can be adjourned for a short time to allow the additional information to be prepared and given to the defendant there and then. The court will proceed to try the informations afresh, subject to any adjournment if the defendant has been unfairly prejudiced.

Here are 4 simple ways to plan a proper end to your meetings, and help everyone make a productive start on next actions.

1. Use a countdown timer. You will absolutely lose peoples’ attention by failing to end on time.
2. Give a two-minute warning. This idea comes from Mark W.
3. Initiate a closing round.
4. Lead a next actions round.

If you want to leave without ending the meeting, select Leave Meeting then select whom you want to act as the new host from the list of meeting participants, then select Assign and Leave.

Sign in to the Zoom Desktop Client. Start a meeting as the host. In the host controls, click End. Click Leave Meeting.

The concluding phrases could be:

• “To summarize then, let me just run through what we’ve agreed here”
• “Before we end, let me just summarize the three main points”
• “To sum up what I’ve presented”
• “That brings me to the end of my presentation, thank you for listening”

Consider the following strategies to make yourself heard in meetings:

1. Sit near the center of the table. It’s easier to be left out of the conversations if you’re sitting at the end of the table.
2. Jump into the conversation – tactfully.
3. Speak confidently.
4. Watch your body language.
5. Don’t let yourself be interrupted.