Attracting and maintaining wildlife is a matter of supplying the “habitat” that these animals need to survive and reproduce. There are four essential elements for habitat: Food, Water, Cover, and Space.

What Animals Need to Live

• Animals need food, water, shelter, and space to survive.
• Herbivores can live only where plant food is available.
• Carnivores can live only where they can catch their food.
• Omnivores can live in many places because they eat both plants and animals.
• Habitat is the physical area where an animal lives.

Wild animals require four basic habitat components–food, water, cover, and space.

Winter

1. Keep water source free of ice (if applicable)
2. Clean old nests from bird nest boxes.
3. Put up new bird nesting boxes.
4. Build bat boxes and bird boxes and feeders.
5. Make labels and signs for the habitat.
6. Design your habitat landscape and any new additions.
7. Plan Spring projects.

How to Combat Habitat Loss. Combat habitat loss in your community by creating a Certified Wildlife Habitat® near your home, school, or business. Plant native plants and put out a water source so that you can provide the food, water, cover, and places to raise young that wildlife need to survive.

(d) Deforestation is caused due to urbanisation and industrialisation. Deforestation is responsible for desertification and natural calamities. Many species of plants and animals are destroyed due to deforestation. (e) Red Data Book is the record book and source book of all the endangered animals and plants.

CAUSES OF BIODIVERSITY LOSS

• Climate change.
• Pollution.
• Destruction of habitats.
• Invasive alien species.
• Overexploitation of the natural environment.
• Extinction of species.
• Threat to human beings.
• Proliferation of pests.

The loss of trees and other vegetation can cause climate change, desertification, soil erosion, fewer crops, flooding, increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and a host of problems for indigenous people.

The major causes of losses of species are as follows: Loss of habitat. Over-exploitation and hunting animal species for selfishness. Co-extinction where if one species get extinct then other dependent species will also get extinct.

Increasing species diversity can influence ecosystem functions — such as productivity — by increasing the likelihood that species will use complementary resources and can also increase the likelihood that a particularly productive or efficient species is present in the community.

A decrease in biodiversity causes a decrease in ecosystem stability, because a change to one organism will have a greater impact on the entire ecosystem. With greater biodiversity, the loss of one type of organism could be moderated by the adaptation of other organisms to fill its role.

Habitat alteration-every human activity can alter the habitat of the organisms around us. Farming, grazing, agriculture, clearing of forests, etc. This is the greatest cause of biodiversity loss today.

Habitat destruction is a major cause of biodiversity loss. Habitat loss is caused by deforestation, overpopulation, pollution, and global warming. Species that are physically large and those living in forests or oceans are more affected by habitat reduction.

Biodiversity loss can have significant direct human health impacts if ecosystem services are no longer adequate to meet social needs. Indirectly, changes in ecosystem services affect livelihoods, income, local migration and, on occasion, may even cause or exacerbate political conflict.

Increased Contact With Disease. The loss of biodiversity has two significant impacts on human health and the spread of disease. First, it increases the number of disease-carrying animals in local populations.