Human activity is causing environmental degradation, which is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems; habitat destruction; the extinction of wildlife; and pollution.

Secondly, how do human activities affect the land? Humans impact the physical environment in many ways: overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation. Changes like these have triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water.

Nonrenewable energy resources, like coal, nuclear, oil, and natural gas, are available in limited supplies. This is usually due to the long time it takes for them to be replenished. Renewable resources are replenished naturally and over relatively short periods of time.

Land-use change: Humans may destroy natural landscapes as they mine resources and urbanize areas. Some examples include the mining of natural resources like coal, the hunting and fishing of animals for food, and the clearing of forests for urbanization and wood use.

Various Human Activities That Affect an Ecosystem

• Agriculture.
• Deforestation.
• Overpopulation & Overconsumption.
• Plastic Production.
• Emission of Carbon Dioxide and Other Greenhouse Gases.
• Destruction of the Reefs.
• Production of Black Carbon.
• Draining Streams/Rivers and Destruction of Critical Freshwater Aquifer Recharge Areas (Water Pollution)

Natural resources are used to make food, fuel and raw materials for the production of goods. All of the food that people eat comes from plants or animals. Natural resources such as coal, natural gas and oil provide heat, light and power.

In short, raw material extraction and processing always impact on the environment, resulting as they do in soil degradation, water shortages, biodiversity loss, damage to ecosystem functions and global warming exacerbation. And that’s not all.

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Plants. Like trees, plants feed us and give us the oxygen we breathe—and if they were to run out, humans and animals would starve and suffocate. According to New Scientist, oxygen would remain in the atmosphere for quite a while, but we would run out of food long before we’d run out of air.

Use Less Fossil Fuels

1. Buy food that is locally produced.
2. Wherever possible, avoid buying processed foods.
3. Install solar panels on your roof at home so you can generate more renewable energy instead of relying entirely on oil, gas etc.
4. Before you turn on the ignition, ask yourself if you really need to take the car.

Conserve Energy

1. Turning off lights, computers, televisions, video games and other electrical equipment when you’re not using them.
2. Buying equipment that uses less electricity, including lights, air conditioners, heaters, refrigerators and washing machines.
3. Limiting the use of air conditioning.

What Are Fossil Fuels? Coal, crude oil, and natural gas are all considered fossil fuels because they were formed from the fossilized, buried remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Because of their origins, fossil fuels have a high carbon content.

Alternative, renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, eliminate the pollution that accompanies fossil fuel energy. Alternative energy also reduces the reliance on limited fossil fuels. Consider installing solar panels in your home to reduce the amount of fossil fuel needed to power your home.

13 Tips to Reduce Fuel Consumption

1. Drive only when needed.
2. Make sure the gas cap is on tight.
3. Avoid idling.
4. Accelerate and break steadily.
5. Drive the speed limit.
6. Coast when possible.
7. Use cruise control on the highways.
8. Make your car more aerodynamic.

Use the clutch only when changing gears or coming to a complete halt. Use the right gear. Stay within speed limits. Keep the weight down. …Avoid excessive idling.

In following ways we can prevent the depletion of coal and petroleum:

• Use alternative fuels.
• Use public transport and bicycles for short distances.
• Use car pools to go for work or to school.