The Effects of Overpopulation More people means an increased demand for food, water, housing, energy, healthcare, transportation, and more. And all that consumption contributes to ecological degradation, increased conflicts, and a higher risk of large-scale disasters like pandemics.

The two main common causes leading to over population in India are: The birth rate is still higher than the death rate. The fertility rate due to the population policies and other measures has been falling but even then it is much higher compared to other countries.

Overpopulation or overabundance occurs when a species’ population becomes so excessive that people deem it must be managed. It can result from an increase in births (fertility rate), a decline in the mortality rate, an increase in immigration, or a depletion of resources.

Extending over 17,000 islands, Indonesia comes fourth among the world’s most populous countries, standing at 273.5 million people. Pakistan comes in fifth, with 220.8 million….The 50 Most Populous Countries.

Poverty is believed to be the leading cause of overpopulation. A lack of educational resources, coupled with high death rates leading to higher birth rates, result in impoverished areas seeing large booms in population.

Rapid growth has led to uncontrolled urbanization, which has produced overcrowding, destitution, crime, pollution, and political turmoil. Rapid growth has outstripped increases in food production, and population pressure has led to the overuse of arable land and its destruction.

First, rapid population growth is likely to reduce per capita income growth and well-being, which tends to increase poverty. Second, in densely populated poor nations with pressure on land, rapid population growth increases landlessness and hence the incidence of poverty.

Poverty is linked with negative conditions such as substandard housing, homelessness, inadequate nutrition and food insecurity, inadequate child care, lack of access to health care, unsafe neighborhoods, and underresourced schools which adversely impact our nation’s children.

Ultimately, China ended its one-child policy in 2015 for demographical reasons: it realized that too many Chinese were heading into retirement, and the nation’s population had too few young people entering the labor force to provide for the older population’s retirement, healthcare, and continued economic growth.

Water is a key element of life for everyone on Earth. As the world’s population grows, the demand for water mounts and pressure on finite water resources intensifies. Climate change, which is also closely tied to population growth, will also lead to greater pressures on the availability of water resources.

Some of the most common sources and causes of water pollution in the nation are detailed below.

• Runoff from Agricultural Operations.
• Runoff and Nonpoint Source Pollution.
• Industrial Activities.
• Leakage from Underground Storage and Piping.
• Leaking Sewers.
• Vehicle Emissions.
• Landfill Leakage.
• Hazardous Waste.

Environmental lighting had subtle but persistent effects on growth performance. This interaction indicated that high light intensity allowed maximum expression of growth potential in a low population density environment but reduced growth under high population density pressures.

Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or microorganisms—contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment.

The main sources of pollution are household activities, factories, agriculture and transport. Once they have been released into the environment, the concentration of some pollutants is reduced by dispersion, dilution, deposition or degradation.

Reduce the number of trips you take in your car. Reduce or eliminate fireplace and wood stove use. Avoid burning leaves, trash, and other materials. Avoid using gas-powered lawn and garden equipment.

EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION

• Destruction of biodiversity. Water pollution depletes aquatic ecosystems and triggers unbridled proliferation of phytoplankton in lakes — eutrophication —.
• Contamination of the food chain.
• Lack of potable water.
• Disease.
• Infant mortality.

10 Serious Effects of Air Pollution on the Environment

• Global Warming.
• Climate Change.
• Acid Rain.
• Smog effect.
• Deterioration of fields.
• Extinction of animal species.
• Respiratory health problems.
• Deterioration in building materials.

Pollution may muddy landscapes, poison soils and waterways, or kill plants and animals. Humans are also regularly harmed by pollution. Long-term exposure to air pollution, for example, can lead to chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer and other diseases.

Long-term health effects from air pollution include heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases such as emphysema. Air pollution can also cause long-term damage to people’s nerves, brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs. Some scientists suspect air pollutants cause birth defects.

WHO estimates that around 7 million people die every year from exposure to polluted air. Ambient air pollution alone caused some 4.2 million deaths in 2016, while household air pollution from cooking with polluting fuels and technologies caused an estimated 3.8 million deaths in the same period.

The groups most affected by air pollution are people of color, elderly residents, children with uncontrolled asthma, and people living in poverty. Vulnerable populations may experience more health effects because these populations already have higher rates of heart and lung conditions.

Air pollution is considered as the major environmental risk factor in the incidence and progression of some diseases such as asthma, lung cancer, ventricular hypertrophy, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, psychological complications, autism, retinopathy, fetal growth, and low birth weight.