Nigeria’s major energy sources include wood, coal, oil, gas, tar sands, and hydro power. The level of production and utilization of these energy sources has changed considerably with time.

Electricity generation in Africa by scenario, 2018-2040 In the Africa Case, solar PV deployment averages almost 15 GW a year, reaching 320 GW in 2040, overtaking hydropower and natural gas to become the largest electricity source in Africa in terms of installed capacity.

Nigeria is equally blessed with renewable energy (RE) resources like wind, solar, biomass and hydropower [5]. Hydropower has the utmost RE potential, which amounts to 10,000 MW for large hydropower and 734 MW for small hydropower (SHP).

Energy is known and rightly accepted as the driving force for any development, and Africa has a significant share of known world energy resources such as solar, oil, gas, coal, wind, geothermal, hydropower, and even uranium.

The three major categories of energy for electricity generation are fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources. Most electricity is generated with steam turbines using fossil fuels, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, and solar thermal energy.

The rapidly growing energy demand in the country is met principally through finite fossil fuel sources especially crude oil and natural gas. Nigeria’s installed electricity capacity at year-end 2016 was 12.562GW comprising 15.42% large-hydro, 0.5% small-hydro and 84.1% fossil fuels.

Nigeria has an abundance of various renewable energy resources of which solar, wind, biomass and small hydro power (SHP) are the most ubiquitous. The Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) is committed to stimulating investment in renewable energy generation in Nigeria.

One of the greatest challenges faced by Nigeria is its energy sector. Nigeria is an oil-rich country, and it comes as no surprise that almost all of Nigerian energy consumption comes from non-renewable energy sourcescoal, natural gas, and, most importantly, oil.

Hydroelectricity John-Felix Akinbami, Professor of Energy Planning, Management, and Climate Change at the Centre for Energy and Research Development, estimated the total hydroelectric power potential Nigeria to be about 8,824 MW with an annual electricity generation potential in excess of 36,000 GWh. [3]

Nigeria remains Africa’s largest economy: in the AC, supplying an economy three-times larger than today would require less energy demand if the energy mix were to be diversified. In the AC, gas meets a growing share of energy demand, supported by the implementation of the government’s gas masterplan. IEA.

Its coal and lignite reserves are estimated to be 2.7 billion tons. Its tar sand reserves represent 31 billion barrels of oil equivalent. [3] With vast fossil fuel-based reserves readily available in Nigeria, making a switch to renewable energy may be difficult.