What are two characteristics of protraction? An anterior movement of the bone. Movement along the transverse plane….

Abduction is a movement away from the midline – just as abducting someone is to take them away. For example, abduction of the shoulder raises the arms out to the sides of the body. Adduction is a movement towards the midline. Adduction of the hip squeezes the legs together.

Abduction is any motion of the limbs or other body parts that pulls away from the midline of the body. Abduction of the wrist, moving the hand away from the body at the wrist when that arm is at the person’s side, is called radial deviation. Any muscle that creates this type of motion is termed an abductor.

Flexion and extension are usually movements forward and backward from the body, such as nodding the head.

• Flexion: decreasing the angle between two bones (bending).
• Extension: increasing the angle between two bones (straightening a bend).
• Abduction: moving away from the body’s midline.

When a joint can move forward and backward, such as the neck and trunk, flexion is movement in the anterior direction. Flexion of the shoulder or hip is movement of the arm or leg forward. Extension is the opposite of flexion, describing a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts.

• Extension of the arm at the elbow.
• Depressing the jaw at the temporomandibular joint.
• Elevating the jaw at the temporomandibular joint.

What characteristics do all joints have in common. All consist of bony regions held together by fibrous or cartilaginous connective tissue’s or by a joint capsule.

Types of freely movable joints

• Ball and socket joint. Permitting movement in all directions, the ball and socket joint features the rounded head of one bone sitting in the cup of another bone.
• Hinge joint.
• Condyloid joint.
• Pivot joint.
• Gliding joint.
• Saddle joint.

A joint is a point where two or more bones meet. There are three main types of joints; Fibrous (immovable), Cartilaginous (partially moveable) and the Synovial (freely moveable) joint.

There are two basic structural types of joint: diarthrosis, in which fluid is present, and synarthrosis, in which there is no fluid. All the diarthroses (commonly called synovial joints) are permanent. Some of the synarthroses are transient; others are permanent.

Description. An immovable joint can be either one of two types of joints, fibrous or cartilaginous.

Types of joint movement

Movable joints are also the most common type of joint in your body. Your fingers, toes, hips, elbows, and knees all provide examples of movable joints. The surfaces of bones at movable joints are covered with a smooth layer of cartilage.

The six types of freely movable joint include ball and socket, saddle, hinge, condyloid, pivot and gliding.

Definition. noun. The most common and movable type of joint which is characterized by the presence of a layer of fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage that lines the opposing bony surfaces, as well as a lubricating synovial fluid within the synovial cavity.

What are the different types of joints?

• Ball-and-socket joints. Ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip joints, allow backward, forward, sideways, and rotating movements.
• Hinge joints.
• Pivot joints.
• Ellipsoidal joints.

condyloid synovial joint

The atlas and the occipital bone form the atlanto-occipital joint, which allows neck flexion. When you nod your head as if to say “yes,” that is neck flexion. The atlas and axis form the atlanto-axial joint, which allows head rotation. If you shake your head as if to say “no,” that is head rotation.

Types of Movable Joints. Movable joints can be classified further according to the type of movement they allow. There are six classes of movable joints: pivot, hinge, saddle, plane, condyloid, and ball-and-socket joints.

Planar, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, and ball-and-socket are all types of synovial joints.

Fibrous or immovable joints are the joints in which no movement occurs between the bones concerned.

The six types of synovial joints are pivot, hinge, condyloid, saddle, plane, and ball-and socket-joints (Figure 9.4. 3). Figure 9.4. 3 – Types of Synovial Joints: The six types of synovial joints allow the body to move in a variety of ways.

Diarthrosis. A freely mobile joint is classified as a diarthrosis. These types of joints include all synovial joints of the body, which provide the majority of body movements. Most diarthrotic joints are found in the appendicular skeleton and thus give the limbs a wide range of motion.

Anatomy Explorer

• Ball & Socket Joint.
• Elbow Joint.
• Gliding Joint.
• Hand.
• Hinge Joint.
• Hip Joint.
• Saddle Joint.
• Spine.

ball-and-socket joint

knee

The human shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body. This mobility provides the upper extremity with tremendous range of motion such as adduction, abduction, flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, and 360° circumduction in the sagittal plane.

The shoulder is made up of three bones: the scapula (shoulder blade), clavicle (collarbone) and humerus (upper arm bone). Two joints in the shoulder allow it to move: the acromioclavicular joint, where the highest point of the scapula (acromion) meets the clavicle, and the glenohumeral joint.