Rectangle being the most common shape forms a part of our day to day life. Some real-life examples of the rectangle are table tops, books, mobile phones, TV, etc.

The definition of a rectangle is a four-sided figure or shape with four right angles that isn’t a square. An example of a rectangle is the shape of a an 8×10 picture frame.

Steps

1. Draw a straight, horizontal line using a ruler.
2. Make a shorter vertical line coming down from one end of the first line.
3. Draw a horizontal line coming off the bottom end of the vertical line.
4. Draw a vertical line between the ends of the two horizontal lines.
5. Color in your rectangle to make it pop.

In Euclidean plane geometry, a rectangle is a quadrilateral with four right angles. It can also be defined as: an equiangular quadrilateral, since equiangular means that all of its angles are equal (360°/4 = 90°); or a parallelogram containing a right angle. A rectangle with four sides of equal length is a square.

Freehand tool allows to create realistic fur or shading effects as well as sketch drawings with mouse or digitizing tablet within a few minutes. It works like a painting tool.

The Rectangle Tool creates rectangular shapes and paths (shape outlines). In the Toolbox, select the Rectangle Tool.

The Rounded Rectangle Tool creates rectangular shapes and paths (shape outlines) with rounded corners. Create new shape layer – to create every new shape in a separate layer. Add to shape area – to create mutiple shapes in the same vector shape layer.

The pen tool is a path creator. You can create smooth paths that you can stroke with a brush or turn to a selection. This tool is effective for designing, selecting smooth surfaces, or layout. The paths can also be used in Adobe illustrator when the document is edited in Adobe illustrator.

The other Pen Tool options are the Add Anchor Point Tool, the Delete Anchor Point Tool, and the Convert Point Tool….Pen Tool settings overview

• The standard Pen Tool.
• The Curvature Pen Tool.
• The Freeform Pen Tool.
• The Magnetic Pen Tool (only visible by adjusting the settings of the Freeform Pen Tool)

The pencil and paintbrush are similar tools. The main difference between the two tools is that although both use the same type of brush, the pencil tool will not produce fuzzy edges, even with a very fuzzy brush.

Clicking the Pen tool creates straight segments.

1. Select the Pen tool.
2. Position the Pen tool where you want the straight segment to begin, and click to define the first anchor point (do not drag).
3. Click again where you want the segment to end (Shift-click to constrain the angle of the segment to a multiple of 45°).

You can select the layers that you want to move directly in the document window. In the Move tool’s options bar, select Auto Select and then choose Layer from the menu options that show up. Shift-click to select multiple layers.

Using the Brush tool It’s easy to use the Brush tool to paint in your document. Simply locate and select the Brush tool from the Tools panel, then click and drag in the document window to paint. You can also press the B key on your keyboard to select the Brush tool at any time.

The Type Tool is one of the powerful tools in Photoshop, which is mainly a graphics editing program. It is the tool used to create text inside Photoshop, and it has plenty of settings to control the created text’s properties.

Photoshop offers four related tools for adding type to an image (see Figure 5). The Horizontal Type tool (usually referred to as simply the Type tool), the Vertical Type tool, the Horizontal Type Mask tool, and the Vertical Type Mask tool are shown in their fly-out palette.

The Vertical Type Tool creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer. To edit a previously typed text, select the proper text layerin the Layers palette or just select the text with the Type Tool (the layer has to be selected automatically) and work like with a regular text editor. …

The Horizontal Type tool allows you to add horizontal text to your images. Select the Horizontal Type tool (T) . Use the Options bar to customize tool settings, like Font Style, Font Size, and, Text Color, to get the effect you want. Add point text (to add a few words like a heading or title) or paragraph text.

The Horizontal Type Tool creates and edits vector-based text in a separate layer. To edit a previously typed text, select the proper text layer in the Layers palette or just select the text with the Type Tool (the layer has to be selected automatically) and work like with a regular text editor. …

Find the text tool in the tools panel. It’s at the very bottom of this panel by default. Click on this tool, go to your preview panel and click. If you just click, it will add a self adjusting box.

Using the Type Mask tool in Photoshop Elements epitomizes the combination of type and image. The Type Mask tool doesn’t create a new layer. Instead, it creates a selection on the active layer. This is the tool of choice for filling text with an image or cutting text out of an image so that the background shows through.

You can access it in Acrobat 7-9 by opening the Typewriter tool bar (View > Toolbars > Typewriter) or from the Tools menu. Click on the Typewriter icon in the toolbar and you can click anywhere on a PDF page and start typing. The problem is that the Typewriter tool is clunky.

Create a smooth gradient

1. Select the Gradient tool .
2. Click inside the gradient sample in the options bar to display the Gradient Editor dialog box.
3. To base the new gradient on an existing gradient, select a gradient in the Presets section of the dialog box.
4. Choose Solid from the Gradient Type pop‑up menu.

Types of Gradients

• Linear. When you think of the word gradient, this is likely the concept that comes to mind.
• Radial. In a radial gradient, the colors fan out from the starting point in a circular pattern.
• Angle. An angle gradient sweeps counterclockwise around the starting point.
• Reflected. It’s all in the name.
• Diamond.

five

4) Floating gradient – The gradient provided such that vehicle will move with constant speed without application of brakes or power, is known as floating gradient.

Gradient : is the rate of rise or fall along the length of the road with respect to the horizontal. Types. 1) Ruling Gradient 2) Limiting Gradient 3) Exceptional gradient 4) Minimum gradient. Ruling Gradient: is the maximum gradient within which the designer attempts to design the vertical profile of a road.

Maximum Gradient It is the maximum or steepest gradient which is allowed to be provided in a road which must never exceed in any part of the road as steeper gradients are very inconvenient to the traffic, more especially for the slow-moving traffic.