Two types of ocean circulation

One major example of an ocean current is the Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean. Ocean currents can be found on the water surface and deeper down. Currents on the surface often depend on wind. They travel clockwise in the northern hemisphere.

the currents are named. Winds are able to move the top 400 meters of the ocean creating surface ocean currents. Surface ocean currents form large circular patterns called gyres. Gyres flow clockwise in Northern Hemisphere oceans and counterclockwise in Southern Hemisphere oceans because of the Coriolis Effect.

• Equatorial currents. At the Equator the currents are for the most part directed toward the west, the North Equatorial Current in the Northern Hemisphere and the South Equatorial Current in the Southern Hemisphere.
• The subtropical gyres. The subtropical gyres are anticyclonic circulation features.
• The subpolar gyres.

Waves are created by the wind and then radiate in all directions away from the disturbance. Currents represent the movement of water particles which is controlled by winds and density differences. Waves and currents can travel in opposite directions.

The Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler is commonly used to measure currents. It is normally deployed on the seafloor or attached to the bottom of a boat. It sends an acoustic signal into the water column and that sound bounces off particles in the water.

5 Measurement Tools Every Workshop Needs

• Tape Measure. A well-worn tape measure signifies a builder who takes their work seriously.
• Speed Square. A speed square can be found on the hip of carpenters and DIYers everywhere.
• Protractor.
• Mechanical Carpenter’s Pencil.
• Laser Measure.

The most important factors affecting climate are latitude, altitude, distance from the ocean and sea, orientation of mountain ranges toward prevailing winds, and the ocean current. Latitude is how far a place is north or south of the equator. Latitude affects climate in many ways.

3.1 Factors affecting climate

• distance from the sea.
• ocean currents.
• direction of prevailing winds.
• shape of the land (known as ‘relief’ or ‘topography’)
• distance from the equator.
• the El Niño phenomenon.