A building, or edifice, is a structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work.

“Building card towers quickly is my passion” – “building” is a gerund. As we can see from the previous sentence, gerunds still evince some characteristics of verbs, taking direct objects (“card towers”) and being modified by adverbs (“quickly”), not adjectives, as most nouns are.

Types of gerunds

• Subjects.
• Predicate Nominative.
• Direct object.
• Object of preposition.

A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. A gerund is a noun made from a verb root plus ing (a present participle). A whole gerund phrase functions in a sentence just like a noun, and can act as a subject, an object, or a predicate nominative.

In most cases, a comma before a gerund is not required. However, because gerunds and gerund phrases act as nouns in sentences, if a comma would come before a noun used in the same way, then a comma should precede the gerund or gerund phrase.

If you find a form of “be” followed by the -ing form, that’s the present participle. For example: They’ve have been working for four hours. If the -ing form begins the sentence, or follows a verb or preposition, that’s the gerund.

Gerunds and gerundives are similar in form and meaning, but they work a little differently. Simply put, the gerund is an abstract noun and the gerundive is an adjective that is affixed to a noun.

A gerund is the –ing form of a verb that functions the same as a noun. For example, “Running is fun.” In this sentence, “running” is the gerund. It acts just like a noun. You can only use a gerund after the verb “suggest.”

A gerund is an instance when a verb is being used in a very particular way – as a noun! You do this by changing the infinitive form of the verb, and adding “ing” at the end. For example, “eat” is changed to “eating”, or “write” is changed to “writing”.

What Is a Gerund? Similar to how -ing verbs (eating, walking, driving, etc.) are used in English, the French gerund (en + present participle, as in en mangeant, or “eating” and en dormant, or “sleeping”) offers French speakers a way of modifying the present participle of a verb to express simultaneity and causation.

Participe présent / Gérondif. The French present participle, which always ends in –ant, may be used as a verb, gerund, noun, or adjective. Because it has no number or person marker, it’s an impersonal verb mood.

The gérondif (the gerund) is formed with en + the present participle. It is used is to stress that two actions are simultaneous. It has the same subject as the main verb. Victor parle en dormant.

The past participle is a verb form with several roles. It’s essential in the creation of compound verb tenses/moods and the passive voice, and it can also be used as an adjective. The French past participle usually ends -é, -i, or -u, and is equivalent to -ed or -en in English.

The following is a list of verbs (and their derivatives) that require être:

• aller > to go.
• arriver > to arrive.
• descendre > to descend / go downstairs. redescendre > to descend again.
• entrer > to enter. rentrer > to re-enter.
• monter > to climb. remonter > to climb again.
• mourir > to die.
• naître > to be born.
• partir > to leave.

Past participle For regular verbs, adding -ed to the base form creates the past participle. For example, the past participle of cook is cooked. Past participles formed from irregular verbs may have endings like -en, -t, -d, and -n. Examples include swollen, burnt, hoped, and broken.

An irregular verb is one that does not form its simple past tense or its past participle by adding “-ed” or “-d” to the base form. Irregular verbs contrast with regular verbs, which form the simple past tense and past participle by adding “-ed” or “-d.”

12 irregular past participles

Base form (1), Past simple (2), Past participle (3)

• become, became, become.
• begin, began, begun.
• blow, blew, blown.
• break, broke, broken.
• bring, brought, brought.
• buy, bought, bought.
• choose, chose, chosen.
• come, came, come.

Here are several notable examples:

• Bet.
• Bid.
• Burst.
• Bust.
• Cast.
• Cut.
• Hit.
• Hurt.

The verbs ir (to go), ver (to see), and ser (to be) are completely irregular in the imperfect tense.

A regular verb is any verb whose conjugation follows the typical pattern, or one of the typical patterns, of the language to which it belongs. A verb whose conjugation follows a different pattern is called an irregular verb.

Since there are no specific rules regarding conjugating the tenses of irregular verbs, the only way to really learn them is to keep your ears open. Every time you learn a new verb, make sure you know all the conjugations of that verb so that when you use it you don’t misspeak.

Irregular (non-decodable) words fit into two categories. Words that are phonetically irregular, such as of, done. Words with higher-level phonetic concepts, such as you, they, for.

Below is our common English irregular verbs list which includes 213 verbs and shows the infinitive, the past simple and the past participle forms….Search:

Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle
Eat	Ate	Eaten
Fall	Fell	Fallen
Feed	Fed	Fed
Feel	Felt	Felt

The majority of verbs, called ‘Regular verbs’, follow the same pattern and create the past simple and the past participle using the same word ending, -ed. There are, however, verbs that have different endings, and these are called ‘Irregular verbs.

The formula for asking a question in the simple past tense is did + [subject] + [root form of verb]. When asking a question with the verb to be, you don’t need the auxiliary did. The formula is was/were + [subject].

Table of the most common irregular verbs

infinitive	simple past	past participle
go	went	gone
grow	grew	grown
hang	hung	hung
have	had	had

To form the past perfect tense you use the past tense of the verb “to have,” which is had, and add it to the past participle of the main verb. Some examples of the past perfect tense can be seen in the following sentences: Had met: She had met him before the party.

The past perfect refers to a time earlier than before now. It is used to make it clear that one event happened before another in the past. It does not matter which event is mentioned first – the tense makes it clear which one happened first.

We can use the past perfect to show the order of two past events. The past perfect shows the earlier action and the past simple shows the later action. When the police arrived, the thief had escaped.