The causes of a persistent brow presentation are generally similar to those causing a face presentation and include cephalopelvic disproportion or pelvic contracture, increasing parity and prematurity. These are implicated in more than 60% of cases of persistent brow presentation.

Brow presentation is one of many abnormal positions that can lead to labor and delivery complications and subsequent birth injuries. A fetus in brow presentation has the chin untucked, and the neck is extended slightly backward. It is similar to face presentation, except the neck is less extended.

Face presentation is a rare unanticipated obstetric event characterized by a longitudinal lie and full extension of the foetal head on the neck with the occiput against the upper back [1-3]. Face presentation occurs in 0.1-0.2% of deliveries [3-5] but is more common in black women and in multiparous women [5].

Face presentation is diagnosed late in the first or second stage of labor by vaginal examination. The distinctive facial features of the chin, mouth, nose, and cheekbones can be felt.

Mechanism of Labor in Brow Presentation As this presentation is considered unstable, it is usually converted into a face or an occiput presentation. Due to the cephalic diameter being wider than the maternal pelvis, the fetal head cannot engage; thus, brow delivery cannot take place.

The posterior position, also known as the occiput posterior (OP) position or the “sunny side up” position, occurs when the baby is in a head-first, forward facing position. Babies in the posterior position will be face up when they’re delivered. Posterior position can cause labor dystocia and resultant birth injuries.

It will be okay! You can still have an entirely successful vaginal delivery, despite the additional strain a face-up position may bring. Also, keep in mind, while many women are told their near-term babies are in this position, most babies naturally move into the preferred anterior position before delivery.

Your baby’s head is down near the birth canal, and she’s facing your back. This head-first position allows the cervix to stretch, making it easier to deliver the rest of your baby’s body.

Your baby may be head down if you can: feel their head low down in your belly. feel their bottom or legs above your belly button. feel larger movements — bottom or legs — higher up toward your rib cage.

In the last weeks, some time before birth, the baby’s head should move down into your pelvis. When your baby’s head moves down like this, it’s said to be “engaged”. When this happens, you may notice your bump seems to move down a little. Sometimes the head does not engage until labour starts.

A woman’s pregnancy bump may look like it is sitting lower when the baby drops. As the baby drops into the pelvis, the pressure in this area may increase. This may cause a woman to feel like she is waddling when she walks. When the baby drops, some women may experience flashes of pelvic pain.

Hiccups will feel like a jerking or pulsing jump, which may move your belly a bit. Kicks typically are not rhythmic and will occur all around the belly. “Kicks” may be the baby’s head, arms, bottom, or feet bumping against your insides, and they sometimes feel and look like a rolling movement rather than a quick jab.

You may also notice that you feel his hiccups below your belly button. His other movements may feel different depending on which way he’s facing: Anterior position (head down, with his back towards the front of your tummy). If your baby’s in an anterior position, you’re likely to feel movements under your ribs.

During a vaginal exam, your doctor will feel for your baby’s head. If the head is high and not yet engaged in the birth canal, it may float away from their fingers. At this stage, the fetal station is -5.

Womb: The womb (uterus) is a hollow, pear-shaped organ located in a woman’s lower abdomen between the bladder and the rectum. The narrow, lower portion of the uterus is the cervix; the broader, upper part is the corpus.