Common bone diseases in adults and children include the following:

• Osteoporosis. One of the most prevalent bone conditions, osteoporosis involves bone loss, leading to weakened bones that are more likely to break.
• Metabolic bone diseases.
• Fracture.
• Stress fracture.
• Bone cancer.
• Scoliosis.

Types of neuromuscular disorders include:

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
• Multiple sclerosis.
• Muscular dystrophy.
• Myasthenia gravis.
• Myopathy.
• Myositis, including polymyositis and dermatomyositis.
• Peripheral neuropathy.

Myositis (my-o-SY-tis) is a rare type of autoimmune disease that inflames and weakens muscle fibers. Autoimmune diseases occur when the body’s own immune system attacks itself. In the case of myositis, the immune system attacks healthy muscle tissue, which results in inflammation, swelling, pain, and eventual weakness.

Myositis autoantibodies are an important diagnostic and predictive tool. They are identified through a special blood test that tests for a whole panel of autoantibodies that are related to myositis diseases.

Muscle and skin biopsy are often the most definitive way to diagnose myositis diseases. Small samples of muscle tissue show abnormalities in muscles, including inflammation, damage, and abnormal proteins. For those with skin symptoms, doctors often biopsy a bit of skin to examine for characteristic abnormalities.

Many new patients have difficulty finding health care practitioners who know about myositis. Patients with dermatomyositis, polymyositis, or necrotizing myopathy are usually treated by rheumatologists. Those with dermatomyositis may also work with a dermatologist. Those with IBM are often treated by neurologists.

Understanding myopathy and myositis. Myopathy and myositis are neuromuscular conditions that cause muscle problems, such as stiffness or weakness. Many people with these conditions have not been diagnosed or may have been misdiagnosed with another illness.

Myositis can cause “brain fog” making concentration, organization, and other related tasks difficult. Myositis causes a variety of symptoms and affects each person differently.

Myositis means inflammation of the muscles that you use to move your body. An injury, infection, or autoimmune disease can cause it. Two specific kinds are polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Polymyositis causes muscle weakness, usually in the muscles closest to the trunk of your body.

Omega-3s: are important in the diet, as they may reduce inflammation. Good sources include fatty fish (salmon, sardines, bluefish, mackerel, tuna, and halibut), ground flaxseed, walnuts, pecans, canola oil, walnut oil, and flaxseed oil.

Physical exercise has been shown to reduce inflammation, reduce fatigue, increase stamina, and build muscle, even in patients with myositis. Indeed, exercise is currently the only treatment recommendation for patients with inclusion body myositis.

If you are diagnosed with heart inflammation such as endocarditis, myocarditis, or pericarditis, your doctor may recommend medicine or surgery to treat your condition. Mild cases of myocarditis and pericarditis may go away without treatment.

The three types of inflamed heart have some symptoms in common, such as chest pain and shortness of breath. Yet each type also has symptoms not present in the other two. Doctors treat inflamed heart with drugs and medical procedures, such as surgery. If untreated, this condition can lead to serious complications.