Surface Area The solid molecules trapped within the body of the solid cannot react. Therefore, increasing the surface area of the solid will expose more solid molecules to the liquid, which allows for a faster reaction.

Increasing the surface area of a reactant increases the frequency of collisions and increases the reaction rate. Several smaller particles have more surface area than one large particle. The more surface area that is available for particles to collide, the faster the reaction will occur.

Powders react faster than blocks – greater surface area and since the reaction occurs at the surface we get a faster rate. The presence (and concentration/physical form) of a catalyst (or inhibitor). A catalyst speeds up a reaction, an inhibitor slows it down.

The rate of a chemical reaction can be raised by increasing the surface area of a solid reactant. This is done by cutting the substance into small pieces, or by grinding it into a powder.

Besides mercury, water has the highest surface tension for all liquids, which is due to the hydrogen bonding in water molecules. The surface tension of water causes water molecules at the surface of the liquid (in contact with air) to hold closely together, forming an invisible film.

Water has a high surface tension (72 dynes/cm). Oil differs from water in many respects, the most important of which is surface tension. Oil has a surface tension of 30–35 dynes/cm, meaning that oil-soluble fatty surfactants do not provide the desired surface tension reduction for oils.

The world’s strongest superacid is fluoroantimonic acid, HSbF6. It is formed by mixing hydrogen fluoride (HF) and antimony pentafluoride (SbF5). Various mixtures produce the superacid, but mixing equal ratios of the two acids produces the strongest superacid known to man.

It is exceptionally corrosive, but can be stored in containers lined with PTFE (Teflon)….Fluoroantimonic acid.

The 4 Most Dangerous Acids in the World

• Aqua Regia. Strong acids typically dissolve metals, but some metals are stable enough to resist the effects of acid.
• Piranha Solution. Piranha solution, or Caro’s acid (H2SO5), is like a voracious chemical version of the carnivorous fish.
• Hydrofluoric Acid.
• Fluoroantimonic Acid.

Any acid that dissociates 100% into ions is called a strong acid. If it does not dissociate 100%, it is a weak acid.

Examples of weak acids include acetic acid (CH3COOH), which is found in vinegar, and oxalic acid (H2C2O4), which is found in some vegetables. VinegarsAll vinegars contain acetic acid, a common weak acid.

Vinegar is a natural form of dilute (5%) acetic acid, CH3COOH, which is a weak acid. Strong acids, such as battery acid, completely dissociate in water (or your body), so at the same dilution, a strong acid is more active than a weak acid.

KF is a salt that comes from a strong base, KOH, and a weak acid, HF. When added to water, the salt dissociates into a K+ ion and F- ion.

Sodium acetate is neither an acid nor a base it is a salt of weak acid and strong base. CH3COONa + H20→CH3COOH + NaOH. But it under undergo Hydrolysis to give a basic solution. Sodium acetate is the conjugate base of acetic acid.

KF → basic The solution of KF would be basic.

It may be 1% ionized or 99% ionized, but it is still classified as a weak acid. The issue is similar with bases: a strong base is a base that is 100% ionized in solution. If it is less than 100% ionized in solution, it is a weak base….Learning Objectives.

A weak base is one which doesn’t convert fully into hydroxide ions in solution. When a weak base reacts with water, the position of equilibrium varies from base to base. The further to the left it is, the weaker the base.

Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is a strong base. It dissociates completely into Ca2+ and OH- ions in aqueous solution.

Because Mg(OH) 2 is listed in Table 12.2 “Strong Acids and Bases”, it is a strong base.