Sap is a fluid transported in xylem cells (vessel elements or tracheids) or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant. These cells transport water and nutrients throughout the plant. Sap is distinct from latex, resin, or cell sap; it is a separate substance, separately produced, and with different components and functions.

Sap moves through phloem via translocation, the transport of dissolved materials in a plant. Unlike the xylem, which can only carry water upward, phloem carries sap upward and downward, from sugar sources to sugar sinks: Sugar sources are plant organs such as leaves that produce sugars.

Phloem consists of living cells arranged end to end. Unlike xylem, phloem vessels contain cytoplasm, and this goes through holes from one cell to the next. Phloem transports sucrose and amino acids up and down the plant. This is called translocation .

Why is the transport of phloem sap considered an active process? Energy is used to transport sucrose into companion cells near sources, against a concentration gradient. Your friend claims that phloem always carries sugars down a plant.

What important role does the Casparian strip play in the movement of water through plants? Forces water to move through the cytoplasm of living endodermal cells as it makes its way from the soil to the xylem. The plant can compete for water effectively and live in relatively dry soils.

The endodermis plays an essential role in the movement of water and minerals into the center of the root (endodermis: layer of ground tissue). At the center of the root, the xylem and phloem together make up a region called the vascular cylinder. It puts its first root to draw water and nutrients from the soil.

Driving force: The driving force for transpiration is the difference in water potential between the soil and the atmosphere surrounding the plant. This difference creates a gradient, forcing water to move toward areas with less water.

What is the force behind the process known as “transpiration” in plants? Cohesion-tension. *The pull of water evaporating from the leaves is the force that moves water through plants.

SUMMARY. Transpiration, the loss of water vapor from plants, is a physical process that is under control of both external physical and physiological factors. Most water loss is from leaves and stomata largely control leaf transpiration.