Chicano, feminine form Chicana, identifier for people of Mexican descent born in the United States. The term came into popular use by Mexican Americans as a symbol of pride during the Chicano Movement of the 1960s.

CHICANO/CHICANA Someone who is native of, or descends from, Mexico and who lives in the United States. The term became widely used during the Chicano Movement of the 1960s by many Mexican Americans to express a political stance founded on pride in a shared cultural, ethnic, and community identity.

Mexicanos are Mexicans born in Mexico. Mexicano comes from the word Mexica (Meh-chi-ca), which is what the original people of Mexico called themselves. Chicano comes from the word Mechicano. Chicano is more of an aggressive, proud and assertive political and cultural statement than Mexican American.

Pocho (feminine: pocha) is a term used by Mexicans (frequently pejoratively) to describe Chicanos and those who have left Mexico. Stereotypically, pochos speak English and lack fluency in Spanish. A Mexican-American who can speak little or no Spanish. A White or European American who speaks Spanish and acts “Mexican.”

Latinx is a gender-neutral neologism, sometimes used to refer to people of Latin American cultural or ethnic identity in the United States. The ⟨-x⟩ suffix replaces the ⟨-o/-a⟩ ending of Latino and Latina that are typical of grammatical gender in Spanish. Its plural is Latinxs.

Think of the term Hispanic tied to the Spanish language. Hispanic excludes Brazilians, who predominantly speak Portuguese. Latino is tied to a geographical region, much of what was colonized by Spain. Latinx is a more progressive term that is gender-neutral.

Portugal

It was during Loronha’s tenure that the name began to transition to Terra do Brasil (“Land of Brazil”) and its inhabitants to Brasileiros.

São Paulo

In April 1500, Brazil was claimed for Portugal on the arrival of the Portuguese fleet commanded by Pedro Álvares Cabral.