Whether sediment will be eroded, transported or deposited is depended on the particle size and the flow rate of the water. Water flow, also called water discharge, is the single most important element of sediment transport.

Deposition is the laying down of sediment carried by wind, water, or ice. Sediment can be transported as pebbles, sand & mud, or as salts dissolved in water. Salts may later be deposited by organic activity (e.g. as sea-shells) or by evaporation.

Larger sediments (cobbles, boulders) will settle quickly. As the stream slows down, the larger particles settle first… 2) Shape – Rounder, more spherical particles settle out faster than flat, angular or irregularly shaped particles. Friction is decreased when a particle is rounded and therefore it settles faster.

In the physics of aerosols, the forces acting on a particle and its physical and chemical properties, such as particle size or size distribution, density, shape, hygroscopic or hydrophobic character, and chemical reactions of the particle will affect the deposition.

Larger and denser particles are heavier and land first before, less dense particles. The shape of sediment also affects deposition rates, as round pieces of sediment settle more quickly than flat pieces.

The geology of the area through which the river is flowing we impact upon the amount of load. A reduction in river velocity such as on the inside of a meander will cause a increase in deposition as velocity and therefore energy is needed for a river to carry it’s load.

As water passes across land, it carries with it sediment and other forms of natural debris. Over time, the accumulation of this sediment and debris create deposits, which eventually become landforms. Examples of fluvial erosion landforms include sandbars, flood plains and levees.

Landforms created by erosion include headlands and bays, caves, arches, stacks and stumps.

How to Protect Eroded Land

1. Replant Vegetation Suited to Site Conditions. Well-established vegetation can stabilize the soil in cases of light erosion.
2. Footpaths with Exposed Soil: Cover with Mulch or Gravel.
3. Terraces.
4. Build Check Dams.

Breakwaters are barriers built offshore to protect part of the shoreline. They act as a barrier to waves, preventing erosion and allowing the beach to grow. The dissipation of wave energy allows material carried by longshore currents to be deposited behind the breakwater. This protects the shore.

Severe erosion leads to flooding, building loss, and road damage. To fight erosion, coastal communities often dredge, or pull in sand from offshore to fill in the beaches, and they protect and restore sand dunes, which are mounds of sand that separate the lower beach from higher ground.

Coastal erosion may be caused by hydraulic action, abrasion, impact and corrosion by wind and water, and other forces, natural or unnatural. Also abrasion commonly happens in areas where there are strong winds, loose sand, and soft rocks. The blowing of millions of sharp sand grains creates a sandblasting effect.

9 ways to protect the beach on your next visit

1. Hang onto your garbage.
2. Don’t relieve yourself in the water.
3. Recognize where you are having a negative impact.
4. Don’t create obstacle courses for animals.
5. Don’t feed the animals.
6. Leave the natural environment as it is.
7. Pick safer personal care products.

10 ways you can help protect oceans

1. Reduce your plastic consumption.
2. Make informed seafood choices.
3. Dispose of chemicals properly.
4. Choose environmentally-friendly detergents and household cleaners—or make your own!
5. Do background research on beach-holiday retreats.
6. Find out the source of your food.

Groynes

Protecting the Environment: International Coastal Cleanup Day

1. Reduce, reuse and recycle any plastic materials you use.
2. Use non-toxic, natural cleaners to avoid toxic chemicals being washed down the drain.
3. Eliminate non-sustainable seafood sources from your diet.

Ten simple choices for a healthier planet.

• Reduce, reuse, and recycle. Cut down on what you throw away.
• Volunteer. Volunteer for cleanups in your community.
• Educate.
• Conserve water.
• Choose sustainable.
• Shop wisely.
• Use long-lasting light bulbs.
• Plant a tree.

Do not litter on the road or in your neighbourhood. Littering causes land, air and water pollution. Try planting trees and plants that will beautify our surroundings as well as keep us healthy. Greener surroundings look beautiful and also reduce pollution to keep us fit and healthy.

Reduce the amount of waste you produce by choosing products with less packaging. Reuse items when you can and choose reusable items over disposable ones. And, Recycle as much as possible — bottles, cell phones, ink cartridges, and many other items can be recycled. Next, spread the word to others!