The esophagus does not digest the food, but it does the important job of pushing the food down into the stomach as well as keeping it from coming back up into the mouth. Once in the stomach, further digestion takes place. The stomach produces acid that helps to kill bacteria and other germs that may get into food.

The digestive process

Digestion starts in the mouth where chewing and saliva breaks down food so it is more easily processed by your body. Esophagus: The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the pharynx (throat) to the stomach. The esophagus contracts as it moves food into the stomach.

As food passes through the GI tract, it mixes with digestive juices, causing large molecules of food to break down into smaller molecules. The body then absorbs these smaller molecules through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream, which delivers them to the rest of the body.

The fat-soluble vitamins, A, D, E, and K, are stored in the body for long periods of time and generally pose a greater risk for toxicity than water-soluble vitamins when consumed in excess.

Dwyer says vitamin D, calcium, and folic acid are three nutrients you may get too much of, especially through supplements. Adults who regularly far exceed the 4,000 international units (IUs) daily safe upper limit for vitamin D might may end up with serious heart problems.

Nutrition and healthy eating Vitamin D toxicity, also called hypervitaminosis D, is a rare but potentially serious condition that occurs when you have excessive amounts of vitamin D in your body. Vitamin D toxicity is usually caused by large doses of vitamin D supplements — not by diet or sun exposure.

The RDA for vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is 1.3 mg for adults between 19 and 50 years. . An acute toxic dose has not been established but it is known that vitamin B6 may cause neurotoxicity at a dose of 300 to 500 mg per day over time. In 2015, 189 toxic exposures were reported for Vitamin B6.

Since B12 is a water-soluble vitamin, it’s generally considered safe, even at high doses. No Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) has been established for B12, due to its low level of toxicity. UL refers to the maximum daily dose of a vitamin unlikely to cause adverse side effects in the general population.

People who are vitamin B-12 deficient may not produce enough myelin to coat their nerves. Without this coating, nerves can become damaged. Problems are more common in the nerves in the hands and feet, which are called peripheral nerves. Peripheral nerve damage may lead to tingling in these parts of the body.

The most common cause of high B12 in the blood is due to recent ingestion or injection of supplemental vitamin B12. We don’t worry about overdosing on B12 supplements because excess can be excreted in your urine. It could also be possibly from your diet if high in animal products such as meat, eggs, and shellfish.

Unlike most other vitamins, B12 is stored in substantial amounts, mainly in the liver, until it is needed by the body. If a person stops consuming the vitamin, the body’s stores of this vitamin usually take about 3 to 5 years to exhaust.

There are also a number of natural treatments to help reduce symptoms and peripheral neuropathy.

1. Vitamins. Some cases of peripheral neuropathy are related to vitamin deficiencies.
2. Cayenne pepper.
3. Quit smoking.
4. Warm bath.
5. Exercise.
6. Essential oils.
7. Meditation.
8. Acupuncture.

A CT scan will highlight any problems with bone and tissue, but they won’t help much in determining nerve damage. X-rays, also, are not very effective in picking up neural subtleties, but they will show if there is a break, fracture, or if something is out of place in the musculoskeletal system.

Stages of Neuropathy

• Stage One: Numbness & Pain.
• Stage Two: Constant Pain.
• Stage Three: Intense Pain.
• Stage Four: Complete Numbness/ Loss of Sensation.

For many people, lifestyle changes and management are usually successful in slowing the progression of neuropathy. These changes can include: Losing weight. Exercising.