Geometrically, binocular movements are disconjugate, if amplitude and/or direction are unequal for both eyes. Considering the full kinematics of eye rota- tions, the term ‘direction’ includes ocular rotation about the line of sight, which is an important degree of freedom to ensure extrafoveal retinal correspondence.

(dis-kon’jū-gāt), Not paired in action or joined together; the opposite of conjugate. See: disconjugate movement of eyes.

The most well-recognized syndrome is INO, wherein slowing of the adducting eye is caused by inability of the MLF to conduct high-frequency signals. However, disease affecting the ocular motor nerves, the neuromuscular junction, or the extraocular muscles could also cause saccades to become disconjugate.

There are four basic types of eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit movements, vergence movements, and vestibulo-ocular movements.

Hand-eye coordination (also known as eye-hand coordination) is the coordinated control of eye movement with hand movement and the processing of visual input to guide reaching and grasping along with the use of proprioception of the hands to guide the eyes.

Esophoria is an inward turn or deviation of the eye that only occurs some of the time. Eyes appear to work together normally in patients with esophoria, but if the fusion, or binocular vision, between the eyes is broken, an inward deviation can appear.

Saccades are fast eye movements that conjugately shift the point of fixation between distant features of interest in the visual environment. Several disorders, affecting sites from brainstem to extraocular muscle, may cause horizontal saccades to become disconjugate.

Dysconjugate gaze is a failure of the eyes to turn together in the same direction. Is eye movement voluntary or involuntary? Eye movement includes the voluntary or involuntary movement of the eyes, helping in acquiring, fixating and tracking visual stimuli. A special type of eye movement, rapid eye movement, occurs during REM sleep.

When normal subjects made disconjugate saccades between two targets aligned on one eye, the initial part of the movement remained conjugate. Conclusions: Along with conventional measures of saccades, such as peak velocity, phase planes provide a useful tool to determine the site, extent, and pathogenesis of disconjugacy.

Eye tracking detects disconjugate eye movements associated with structural traumatic brain injury and concussion Disconjugate eye movements have been associated with traumatic brain injury since ancient times. Ocular motility dysfunction may be present in up to 90% of patients with concussion or blast injury.