Large amounts of particulate can create excessive sparking inside the precipitator. Sparking is a normal phenomena where the current of the high voltage areas rushes to a grounded surface. Normal spark rates are less than 100 sparks per minute.

Fly ash resistivity plays a key role in dust-layer breakdown and the ESP performance. Back corona, the migration of positive ions generated in the fly ash layer toward the emitting electrodes, which neutralizes the negatively charged particles, will result if the ash resistivity is greater than 1012 ohm-cm.

The positive terminal of the DC source may be grounded to get stronger negativity in the negative electrodes. The medium between the electrodes is air, and due to the high negativity of negative electrodes, there may be a corona discharge surround the negative electrode rods or wire mesh.

Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) Efficiency Calculator η = 1 – e(-WA/Q). The terminal drift velocity W in m/s, total surface area of collecting plates A in m2 & volumetric air flow rate in m3/s are the key elements of this calculation.

An ESP works on the principle of the corona discharge effect. A high DC voltage is applied across the two plates or electrodes. The negatively charged plate attracts the dust particles which are further attracted by the positively charged electrode by the process of Ionisation.

The collection efficiency of ESP approaches to 99% in most of the cases but the efficiency comes down with higher fraction of fine particles compared to coarser particle (Kim et al. 2010). The overall mass based collection efficiency of ESPs exceed 99%.

ESPs efficiently collect particles of various sizes: large particles of 3 to 10 µm in diameter, and smaller particles of less than 1 µm in diameter. An ESP is designed for a particular industrial application.

The most common methods of improving an electrostatic precipitator are:

1. Upgrading the collection electrodes.
2. Upgrading the discharge electrodes.
3. Upgrading the rapping system.
4. Upgrading the transformer-rectifier assemblies.
5. Improving the flow distribution.

FFs are high-efficiency collectors and, unlike ESPs, much less sensitive to particulate loading and fly ash characteristics. Design efficiencies are usually better than 99.5%. Overall collection efficiencies of 99.7%–99.9% and fine particulate collection efficiencies >99% are common.

Cost Effectiveness: $73 to $720 per metric ton ($65 to $660 per ton) Theory of Operation: An ESP is a particulate control device that uses electrical forces to move particles entrained within an exhaust stream onto collection surfaces.

Description. An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) removes particles from a gas stream by using electrical energy to charge particles either positively or negatively. The charged particles are then attracted to collector plates carrying the opposite charge.

These unburned particles of carbon are pulled out of the smoke by using static electricity in the precipitators, leaving clean, hot air to escape the smokestacks. It is vital to remove this unreacted carbon from the smoke, as it can damage buildings and harm human health – especially respiratory health.

Although electrostatic precipitators can be effective for industrial flue gas, they can be harmful for home use because of the potential ozone production.

Originally designed for recovery of valuable industrial-process materials, electrostatic precipitators are used for air pollution control, particularly for removing harmful particulate matter from waste gases at industrial facilities and power-generating stations.

The electrostatic precipitator works by removing particles and smoke from a gas stream using an electrostatic charge. Introducing a water spray can reduce the electrical resistance of the dust particles, allowing them to accept the charge more easily.

Electrostatic precipitators have a high initial capital cost, which makes it prohibitive for small-scale industries. An electrostatic precipitator can be used for collecting only dry and wet pollutants and not for gaseous pollutants. This is a major disadvantage of ESPs.

There are four basic types of ESPs: plate and wire (dry), flat plate (dry), wet, and two-stage. ESPs provide a large air volume, operate favourably in various temperatures, and require little maintenance.

Definition. Electrostatic repulsion is the result of interaction between the electrical double layers surrounding particles or droplet. The individual double layers can no longer develop unrestrictedly, since the limited space does not allow complete potential decay.

The electrostatic force is an attractive and repulsive force between particles are caused due to their electric charges. The electric force between stationary charged body is conventionally known as the electrostatic force. It is also referred to as Columb’s force.

Electrostatic Forces Definition Electrostatic forces are attractive or repulsive forces between particles that are caused by their electric charges. This force is also called the Coulomb force or Coulomb interaction and is so named for French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, who described the force in 1785.

charge is one electrostatic unit, esu, or statcoulomb. In the metre–kilogram–second and the SI systems, the unit of force (newton), the unit of charge (coulomb), and the unit of distance (metre), are all defined independently of Coulomb’s law, so the proportionality factor k is constrained to take a value consistent…